Land use patterns may affect carbon emissions in the urban transition process. However, land and carbon issues are often considered as isolated factors when mitigating urban carbon emissions. In this study, we proposed a spatial land-carbon nexus framework for exploring the interwoven connections of carbon emission and land-use changes. The land-related carbon transitions were accounted by the land-use conversion matrix and carbon transfer density. Then, the ecological relationships among various land-use changes were explored using ecological network analysis (ENA). A land-carbon nexus rate was proposed to depict the integrated effect of land-use changes on carbon balance. A case study was also conducted for cities in Zhejiang Province during the periods of 1995–2000, 2000–2005, 2005–2010 and 2010–2015, showing their positive and negative land-related carbon transitions, and the variations of ecological relationships as well. The results showed that: (1) The dominant negative and positive carbon transitions exhibited in land-use changes from CL (Cultivated land) to I&T (Indusial and Transportation land) and I&T to CL. (2) Spatially, natural land-use type including wetland and forest exhibited competition relationships in the urban fringe area, while others embracing I&T and UCL (Urban construction land) with mutualism relationships scattered in the central urban area. (3) The dominate driving weight contributions for 8 cities were transformed from CL to I&T from 1995 to 2015, whereas the major pulling force weight contributions were always induced by natural land-use types with carbon sequestration functions. The land-carbon nexus approach presents great potential for bridging nexus analysis with resilient spatial planning to reduce the pressure in support of low carbon transitions through urban land management.

土地使用方式可能会影响城市转型过程中的碳排放。但是，在减少城市碳排放时，土地和碳问题通常被认为是孤立的因素。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个空间土地碳关系框架，以探索碳排放和土地利用变化的交织联系。与土地有关的碳过渡由土地利用转化矩阵和碳转移密度来解释。然后，利用生态网络分析法（ENA）探索了各种土地利用变化之间的生态关系。提出了土地碳的碳排放率来描述土地利用变化对碳平衡的综合影响。在1995-2000年，2000-2005年，2005-2010年和2010-2015年期间，还对浙江省的城市进行了案例研究，显示与土地相关的碳正负变化，以及生态关系的变化。结果表明：（1）土地利用从耕地变化到工业与交通运输，从工业化到土地利用变化主要表现为负碳和正碳过渡。（2）在空间上，包括湿地和森林在内的自然土地利用类型在城市边缘地区表现出竞争关系，而其他人则将I＆T和UCL（城市建设用地）视为具有相互关系的散布在中心城区。（3）从1995年到2015年，8个城市的主要驱动重量贡献已从CL转换为I＆T，而主要的拉力重量贡献始终是由具有碳固存功能的自然土地利用类型引起的。