Recently, nanomaterials have been widely utilized in tissue engineering applications due to their unique properties such as the high surface to volume ratio and diversity of morphology and structure. However, most methods used for the fabrication of nanomaterials are rather complicated and costly. Among different nanomaterials, anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) is a great example of nanoporous structures that can easily be engineered by changing the electrolyte type, anodizing potential, current density, temperature, acid concentration and anodizing time. Nanoporous anodic alumina has often been used for mammalian cell culture, biofunctionalization, drug delivery, and biosensing by coating its surface with biocompatible materials. Despite its wide application in tissue engineering, thorough in vivo and in vitro studies of AAO are still required to enhance its biocompatibility and thereby pave the way for its application in tissue replacements. Recognizing this gap, this review article aims to highlight the biomedical potentials of AAO for applications in tissue replacements along with the mechanism of porous structure formation and pore characteristics in terms of fabrication parameters.

近来，由于纳米材料的独特性质，例如高的表面体积比，形态和结构的多样性，纳米材料已被广泛用于组织工程应用中。然而，用于制造纳米材料的大多数方法相当复杂且昂贵。在不同的纳米材料中，阳极氧化铝（AAO）是纳米多孔结构的一个很好的例子，可以通过更改电解质类型，阳极氧化电位，电流密度，温度，酸浓度和阳极氧化时间轻松地对其进行工程设计。纳米多孔阳极氧化铝通常通过用生物相容性材料覆盖其表面来用于哺乳动物细胞培养，生物功能化，药物递送和生物传感。尽管它在组织工程中得到了广泛的应用，仍然需要对AAO进行彻底的体内和体外研究以增强其生物相容性，从而为其在组织替代中的应用铺平道路。认识到这一差距，这篇综述文章旨在突出AAO在组织替代中的应用的生物医学潜力，以及在制造参数方面的多孔结构形成机理和孔特征。