Drinking water production faces many different challenges with one of them being naturally produced cyanobacterial toxins. Since pollutants become more abundant and persistent today, conventional water treatment is often no longer sufficient to provide adequate removal. Among other emerging technologies, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have a great potential to appropriately tackle this issue. This review addresses the economic and health risks posed by cyanotoxins and discusses their removal from drinking water by AOPs. The current state of knowledge on AOPs and their application for cyanotoxin degradation is synthesized to provide an overview on available techniques and effects of water quality, toxin- and technique-specific parameters on their degradation efficacy. The different AOPs are compared based on their efficiency and applicability, considering economic, practical and environmental aspects and their potential to generate toxic disinfection byproducts. For future research, more relevant studies to include the degradation of less-explored cyanotoxins, toxin mixtures in actual surface water, assessment of residual toxicity and scale-up are recommended. Since actual surface water most likely contains more than just cyanotoxins, a multi-barrier approach consisting of a series of different physical, biological and chemical—especially oxidative—treatment steps is inevitable to ensure safe and high-quality drinking water.

中文翻译：

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先进的氧化工艺可从饮用水中去除蓝细菌毒素

饮用水生产面临许多不同的挑战，其中之一是天然产生的蓝细菌毒素。由于如今污染物变得更加丰富和持久，因此常规的水处理常常不再足以提供足够的去除效果。在其他新兴技术中，先进的氧化工艺（AOP）具有解决这一问题的巨大潜力。这项审查解决了氰毒素造成的经济和健康风险，并讨论了AOP从饮用水中去除氰毒素的可能性。总结了有关AOPs及其在氰毒素降解中的应用的当前知识水平，以概述可用技术和水质，毒素和特定于工艺的参数对其降解功效的影响。根据效率和适用性比较不同的AOP，考虑经济，实用和环境方面的因素及其产生有毒消毒副产物的潜力。对于将来的研究，建议进行更相关的研究，包括较少探索的氰毒素的降解，实际地表水中的毒素混合物，残留毒性的评估和放大。由于实际的地表水很可能不仅仅含有氰毒素，因此，采用一系列多种物理，生物和化学（尤其是氧化）处理步骤组成的多屏障方法，不可避免地要确保安全和高质量的饮用水。建议评估残留毒性并扩大规模。由于实际的地表水很可能不仅仅含有氰毒素，因此，采用一系列多种物理，生物和化学（尤其是氧化）处理步骤组成的多屏障方法，不可避免地要确保安全和高质量的饮用水。建议评估残留毒性并扩大规模。由于实际的地表水很可能不仅仅含有氰毒素，因此，采用一系列多种物理，生物和化学（尤其是氧化）处理步骤组成的多屏障方法，不可避免地要确保安全和高质量的饮用水。