In this perspectives paper, I employ the term jugalbandi to describe the ways in which many contemporary Indian organizations engage in innovation. Through a description of three Indian organizations – ISRO, Amul and Aadhaar – I illustrate how this distinctive approach draws both on jugaad – and its emphasis on being frugal, flexible and inclusive – as well as systematic innovation, with its focus on building capabilities, relying on process and advancing technological frontiers. As a homegrown approach, jugalbandi builds on an “Indian” way of doing things while imbibing influences from other modes, and is enabling organizations build their innovation capacities even as they remain relevant to their contexts. In developing this conceptualization, I highlight the need to appreciate the contextual and institutional roots of innovation, suggest that trajectories of development within emerging economies will remain distinctive and provide both practical and policy advice on how actors should pursue innovation in these scenarios.

中文翻译：

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从 jugaad 到 jugalbandi：了解印度创新不断变化的本质

在这篇观点论文中，我使用术语 jugalbandi 来描述许多当代印度组织参与创新的方式。通过对三个印度组织（ISRO、Amul 和 Aadhaar）的描述，我说明了这种独特的方法如何利用 jugaad 及其对节俭、灵活和包容的强调，以及系统创新，其重点是能力建设，依靠在工艺和推进技术前沿。作为一种本土方法，jugalbandi 建立在“印度”做事方式的基础上，同时吸收其他模式的影响，并使组织能够建立自己的创新能力，即使它们仍然与其环境相关。在发展这个概念时，我强调需要了解创新的背景和制度根源，