The Oriental leaf worm moth, Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is among the most voracious insect pests in a variety of economically important crops, particularly cotton. It has developed resistance against conventional chemical insecticides. Therefore, it is vital to evaluate an integrated application of bio- and synthetic pesticide against this pest. Nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) can be a potent alternative to control this pest. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of NPV and emamectin benzoate (Proclaim® 19EC) against three geographically distinct populations of S. litura in vitro conditions. Second and fourth larval instars were treated by three different concentrations of NPV (NPV-1 2 × 109, NPV-2 3 × 109, and NPV-3 4 × 109 POB ml−1) and emamectin benzoate (EB 0.1 ppm) alone and in combination. The results showed that the highest mortality rate (83.28%) was recorded for NPV-3 + EB, followed by NPV-2 + EB, NPV-1 + EB, EB, NPV-3, NPV-2, and NPV-3 at all the tests. Moreover, Faisalabad (FSD) population was found more susceptible, followed by Layyah (LY) and Multan (ML) populations. Reduction in pupation, adult emergence and egg eclosion was found directly related to the pathogenicity of the applied pathogens. The results of this study revealed that biorational control of S. litura with combined application of NPV + emamectin benzoate was an effective tool.

中文翻译：

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核多角体病毒（NPV）和苯甲酸酯阿米菌素对斜纹夜蛾（F.）的评估（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）

东方叶蛾（Spodoptera litura（F。）（鳞翅目：夜蛾科））是多种重要经济作物，尤其是棉花中最易腐烂的害虫之一。它对常规化学杀虫剂具有抗药性。因此，评估生物和合成农药对这种有害生物的综合应用至关重要。核多角体病毒（NPV）可能是控制这种害虫的有效替代方法。进行本研究以评估NPV和苯甲依氨菌素（Proclaim®19EC）在体外条件下对三种地理上不同的斜纹夜蛾种群的功效。分别用三种不同浓度的NPV（NPV-1 2×109，NPV-2 3×109和NPV-3 4×109 POB ml-1）和苯甲依巴菌素（EB 0.1 ppm）分别处理第二龄和第四龄幼虫。结合。结果表明，NPV-3 + EB的死亡率最高（83.28％），其次是NPV-2 + EB，NPV-1 + EB，EB，NPV-3，NPV-2和NPV-3所有的测试。此外，发现费萨拉巴德（FSD）人群更易受感染，其次是Layyah（LY）和Multan（ML）人群。发现化脓，成年出苗和卵子脱落的减少与所应用病原体的致病性直接相关。这项研究的结果表明，结合应用NPV + Emamectin苯甲酸酯对斜纹夜蛾进行生物合理控制是一种有效的工具。发现化脓，成年出苗和卵子脱落的减少与所应用病原体的致病性直接相关。这项研究的结果表明，结合应用NPV + Emamectin苯甲酸盐对斜纹夜蛾进行生物合理控制是一种有效的工具。发现化脓，成年出苗和卵子脱落的减少与所应用病原体的致病性直接相关。这项研究的结果表明，结合应用NPV + Emamectin苯甲酸酯对斜纹夜蛾进行生物合理控制是一种有效的工具。