The non-coding small RNA tRFs (tRNA-derived fragments) and phasiRNAs (plant-specific) exert important roles in plant growth, development and stress resistances. However, whether the tRFs and phasiRNAs respond to the plant important stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) remain enigma. Here, the RNA-sequencing was implemented to decipher the landscape of tRFs and phasiRNAs in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves and their responses when foliar spraying exogenous ABA after 24 h. In total, 733 tRFs and 137 phasiRNAs were detected. The tRFs were mainly derived from the tRNAAla transporting alanine, which tended to be cleaved at the 5’terminal guanine site and D loop uracil site to produce tRFAla with length of 20 nt. Most of phasiRNAs originated from NBS-LRR resistance genes. Expression analysis revealed that 156 tRFs and 68 phasiRNAs expressed differentially, respectively. Generally, exogenous ABA mainly inhibited the expression of tRFs and phasiRNAs. Furthermore, integrating analysis of target gene prediction and transcriptome data presented that ABA significantly downregulated the abundance of phsaiRNAs associated with biological and abiotic resistances. Correspondingly, their target genes such as AP2/ERF, WRKY and NBS-LRR, STK and RLK, were mainly up-regulated. Combined with the previous analysis of ABA-response miRNAs, it was speculated that ABA can improve the plant resistances to various stresses by regulating the expression and interaction of small RNAs (such as miRNAs, tRFs, phasiRNAs) and their target genes. This study enriches the plant tRFs and phasiRNAs, providing a vital basis for further investigating ABA response-tRFs and phasiRNAs and their functions in biotic and abiotic stresses.

中文翻译：

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番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）中tRF和phasiRNA的鉴定及其对外源脱落酸的反应。

非编码小RNA tRF（tRNA衍生片段）和phasiRNA（植物特异性）在植物生长，发育和抗逆性中发挥重要作用。然而，tRF和phasiRNA是否对植物重要的逆境激素脱落酸（ABA）响应仍然是谜。在这里，RNA测序的目的是破译24小时后叶面喷洒外源ABA时番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）叶片中tRF和phasiRNA的景观及其响应。总共检测到733个tRF和137个phasiRNA。tRFs主要来自tRNAAla转运丙氨酸，其倾向于在5'末端鸟嘌呤位点和D环尿嘧啶位点切割产生长度为20nt的tRFAla。大多数phasiRNA都源自NBS-LRR抗性基因。表达分析表明，分别有156个tRF和68个phasiRNA差异表达。通常，外源ABA主要抑制tRF和phasiRNA的表达。此外，对靶基因预测和转录组数据的综合分析表明，ABA显着下调了与生物学和非生物抗性相关的phsaiRNA的丰度。相应地，它们的靶基因如AP2 / ERF，WRKY和NBS-LRR，STK和RLK主要被上调。结合先前对ABA反应miRNA的分析，推测ABA可以通过调节小RNA（例如miRNA，tRF，phasiRNA）及其靶基因的表达和相互作用来提高植物对各种胁迫的抗性。这项研究丰富了植物的tRF和phasiRNA，