Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has caused millions of deaths and continues to threaten the health of millions of people worldwide. Despite anti-retroviral therapy (ART) substantially alleviating severity and limiting transmission, HIV has not been eradicated and its persistence can lead to other health concerns such as cancer. The only two cases of HIV cure to date are HIV⁺ cancer patients receiving an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) from a donor with the CCR5 Δ32 mutation. While this approach has not led to such success in other patients and is not applicable to HIV⁺ individuals without cancer, the encouraging results may point toward a breakthrough in developing a cure strategy for HIV. Adoptive transfer of virus-specific T cells (VSTs) post HSCT has been effectively used to treat and prevent reactivation of latent viral infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), making VSTs an attractive therapeutic to control HIV rebound. Here we will discuss the potential of using adoptive T cell therapies in combination with other treatments such as HSCT and latency reversing agents (LRAs) to achieve a functional cure for HIV.

人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）已导致数百万人死亡，并继续威胁着全球数百万人的健康。尽管抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）可以大大减轻疾病的严重程度并限制其传播，但HIV尚未根除，其持久性可能导致其他健康问题，例如癌症。迄今为止，仅有的两种HIV治愈方法是HIV ⁺癌症患者，这些患者从具有CCR5Δ32突变的供体接受了同种异体造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）。尽管这种方法并未在其他患者中取得成功，并且不适用于HIV ⁺对于没有癌症的个体，令人鼓舞的结果可能指向在开发HIV治愈策略方面取得突破。HSCT后病毒特异性T细胞（VST）的过继转移已被有效地用于治疗和预防诸如巨细胞病毒（CMV）和爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）等潜伏病毒感染的再激活，这使VSTs成为控制HIV反弹的有吸引力的治疗剂。在这里，我们将讨论将过继性T细胞疗法与其他疗法（例如HSCT和潜伏期逆转剂（LRA））结合使用以实现HIV功能治愈的潜力。