For cubic lime‐stabilized and yttria‐stabilized zirconia ceramic alloys the temperatures at which the onset of metastability and a sharp reduction in ionic conductivity occur are observed to coincide, appearing at approximately 1000°C and 650°C respectively. This behavior is attributed to the development of quadrupolar (orientational) glass states in each alloy below its transition temperature. We suggest that several other unexplained phenomena including tetragonal distortion in these cubic phases may also be understood by reference to the alloys' crystalline structures, which differ slightly. At equilibrium, each possesses a random two‐component crystalline constitution, one component of which is a low‐symmetry quadrupole intergrown with the other and capable of switching its unique axis in a small number of different directions. The quadrupoles interact, thereby imparting a disordered stress on the other component in the lattice. Such a structure is identifiable as a quadrupolar glass, the elastic analog of a spin glass.

中文翻译：

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立方稳定氧化锆中的亚稳态，四方性和四极玻璃态

对于立方石灰稳定的和氧化钇稳定的氧化锆陶瓷合金，观察到发生亚稳态开始和离子电导率急剧降低的温度是一致的，分别出现在大约1000°C和650°C。此行为归因于每种合金在其转变温度以下的四极（原始）玻璃态的发展。我们建议通过参考合金的晶体结构也可以理解其他一些无法解释的现象，包括这些立方相中的四方畸变。处于平衡状态时，每个晶体都具有随机的两组分晶体结构，其中一个组分是一个低对称的四极杆彼此共生，并且能够在少数几个不同方向上切换其唯一轴。四极相互作用，从而在晶格中的其他组件上施加无序应力。这种结构可以识别为四极玻璃，即自旋玻璃的弹性类似物。