A citizen‐science approach reveals long‐term social network structure in an urban parrot, Cacatua galerita,Journal of Animal Ecology

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A citizen‐science approach reveals long‐term social network structure in an urban parrot, Cacatua galerita
Journal of Animal Ecology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-10 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13295
Lucy M Aplin _{1,

2,

3} , Richard E Major ₃ , Adrian Davis ₄ , John M Martin _{4,

5,

6,

7}

Affiliation

Parrots are often referenced in discussions of social and cognitive complexity, yet relatively little is known of their social organisation in the wild. In particular, the presence of long-lasting social ties has been highlighted as a hallmark of social complexity, however the presence of such ties can be masked in fission-fusion systems like that exhibited by most parrot species. Social network analysis has the potential to elucidate such multi-level dynamics. While most parrot species are tropical canopy dwellers, a subset have successfully colonised urban habitats, where they are often the focus of much public interest. Our study takes advantage of this to use citizen-science to collect observations of wing-tagged sulphur-crested cockatoos in central Sydney and record their social associations over multiple years. Using a specifically designed mobile phone application "Wingtags", we collected over >27,000 citizen-science reports of wing-tagged cockatoos, and built social networks from spatial-temporal co-occurrences in observations for 130 tagged birds. To validate this novel methodology, we GPS-tagged a subset of wing-tagged birds and compared networks built from both data collection methods. We then examined correlates of social network structure before exploring the temporal dynamics of network structure and social associations. Social networks constructed from GPS data and citizen science data were highly correlated, suggesting that this novel methodology is robust. Network structure exhibited little seasonal variability and was largely driven by roost site choice; however, individuals also showed a surprising degree of mixing between roosts in their foraging associations. Finally, within this larger fission-fusion system, individuals tended to maintain specific social ties for long periods of time. There was an effect of age on these temporal dynamics, with aging individuals increasing both social stability and longevity of associations. Our findings highlight the utility of citizen-science to measure social networks in urban species, and add to the evidence that long-lasting social associations can persist in fission-fusion social systems such as those observed in wild sulphur-crested cockatoos.

中文翻译：

公民科学方法揭示了城市鹦鹉 Cacatua galerita 的长期社会网络结构

在讨论社会和认知复杂性时经常提到鹦鹉，但人们对它们在野外的社会组织知之甚少。特别是，持久的社会联系的存在已被强调为社会复杂性的标志，但是这种联系的存在可以在裂变融合系统中被掩盖，就像大多数鹦鹉物种所展示的那样。社交网络分析有可能阐明这种多层次的动态。虽然大多数鹦鹉物种都是热带树冠居民，但有一部分鹦鹉已成功地在城市栖息地定居，在那里它们通常是公众关注的焦点。我们的研究利用这一点，利用公民科学收集悉尼市中心带翼标记的硫冠凤头鹦鹉的观察结果，并记录它们多年来的社会交往。使用专门设计的手机应用程序“Wingtags”，我们收集了超过 27,000 份关于带翅膀的凤头鹦鹉的公民科学报告，并根据对 130 只带标签的鸟类的观察中的时空共现建立了社交网络。为了验证这种新颖的方法，我们用 GPS 标记了一个带有翅膀标记的鸟类子集，并比较了从这两种数据收集方法构建的网络。然后，在探索网络结构和社会关联的时间动态之前，我们检查了社会网络结构的相关性。由 GPS 数据和公民科学数据构建的社交网络高度相关，表明这种新颖的方法是可靠的。网络结构几乎没有季节性变化，主要受栖息地选择的影响；然而，个体在觅食协会中的栖息地之间也表现出惊人的混合程度。最后，在这个更大的裂变融合系统中，个人倾向于长期保持特定的社会联系。年龄对这些时间动态有影响，老龄化的个体会增加社会稳定性和协会的寿命。我们的研究结果强调了公民科学在测量城市物种中的社会网络方面的效用，并进一步证明了持久的社会关联可以在裂变融合社会系统中持续存在，例如在野生硫凤头鹦鹉中观察到的那些。随着个人老龄化，社会稳定性和协会寿命都会增加。我们的研究结果强调了公民科学在测量城市物种中的社会网络方面的效用，并进一步证明了持久的社会关联可以在裂变融合社会系统中持续存在，例如在野生硫凤头鹦鹉中观察到的那些。随着个人老龄化，社会稳定性和协会寿命都会增加。我们的研究结果强调了公民科学在测量城市物种中的社会网络方面的效用，并进一步证明了持久的社会关联可以在裂变融合社会系统中持续存在，例如在野生硫凤头鹦鹉中观察到的那些。

更新日期：2020-08-10

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