Abstract In large-scale power system, the frequency response for disturbance exhibits spatial and temporal characteristics, of which a proper model for the propagation mechanism is not clear. In this paper, the disturbance power propagates along the transmission line and is treated as external excitations for the distributed generators. The dispersion of disturbance power causes the spatial-temporal features of frequency dynamics. The propagation is mainly divided into electro-magnetic and electro-mechanical stages. The process is modulated by the Kirchhoff laws and swing equation with the temporal and spatial distribution. The disturbance power, generators’ inertia and line parameter determine the propagation model. A combination of First Order Plus Delay Time (FOPDT) and Pade Approximant are proposed to extract the propagation delay. The mathematical solution of propagation delay is obtained for a one-dimensional ring system and a two-dimensional system. Numerical results are presented to verify the proposed models on a one-dimensional 32-machine ring system, two-area four-machine system and WECC-179 bus system.

中文翻译：

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大规模电力系统中结合 FOPDT 和 Padé Approximant 的扰动传播时空特性评估

摘要 在大规模电力系统中，扰动的频率响应具有时空特性，其传播机制尚不明确。在本文中，干扰功率沿传输线传播，并被视为分布式发电机的外部激励。扰动功率的分散导致频率动态的时空特征。传播主要分为电磁阶段和机电阶段。该过程由具有时空分布的基尔霍夫定律和摆动方程调制。干扰功率、发电机惯量和线路参数决定了传播模型。建议结合使用一阶加延迟时间 (FOPDT) 和 Pade Approximant 来提取传播延迟。得到了一维环形系统和二维系统的传播延迟数学解。数值结果用于验证一维 32 机环系统、两区四机系统和 WECC-179 总线系统上提出的模型。