In this work, we propose and demonstrate two low-computational MPC-based strategies to charge low-capacity commercial Li-ion batteries in the shortest time possible, while limiting the occurrence of degradation mechanisms. To do so, we use a low-complexity electrochemical model (the Equivalent Hydraulic Model, EHM). To reduce the computational burden of the resulting non-convex optimization problem, two approximations of the admissible region are considered: a time-invariant convexification, and a time-varying convex embedding. These approximations are experimentally tested on commercial LCO batteries (Turnigy 160mAh), under controlled ambient temperatures (10, 20, and 30 ^∘C) and a non-controlled scenario. They are compared with the Constant Current-Constant Voltage (CCCV) protocol. Experimental results show that the proposed schemes achieve relevant reductions of the charging time with respect to the CCCV in thermal non-controlled and controlled environments. Results also highlight that the time-varying convex embedding does not significantly impact the computational time while further reducing the charging time.

在这项工作中，我们提出并演示了两种基于MPC的低计算策略，可在尽可能短的时间内为低容量商用锂离子电池充电，同时限制了降解机理的发生。为此，我们使用了低复杂度的电化学模型（等效水力模型，EHM）。为了减少由此产生的非凸优化问题的计算负担，考虑了可允许区域的两个近似值：时不变凸化和时变凸嵌入。这些近似值是在市售LCO电池（Turnigy 160mAh）上在受控环境温度（10、20和 ^30∘C）和非受控方案。将它们与恒定电流-恒定电压（CCCV）协议进行比较。实验结果表明，在热非受控和受控环境下，相对于CCCV，所提出的方案可实现充电时间的相应减少。结果还强调，时变凸嵌入不会显着影响计算时间，同时可以进一步减少充电时间。