Abstract

An experimental packed fractionating column was designed to study the process of separation of water hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, including the separation in the salt-effect distillation process. The vapor rate upon flooding and the dependence of the pressure drop in the packed column on the vapor load when operating under full reflux conditions are determined experimentally. A comparative analysis of the column operation in the processes of fractionation of pure water and fractionation of water in the presence of salt separating agents is performed. It is shown that the use of urea for separating hydrogen isotopes and MgCl₂ for separating oxygen isotopes can give rise to an increase in the column performance with respect to the target component by an order of magnitude.

中文翻译：

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填充蒸馏塔中D / H和18 O / 16 O水同位素的分馏

摘要

设计了一个实验性的填充式分馏塔，以研究水氢和氧同位素的分离过程，包括盐效应蒸馏过程中的分离。在全回流条件下操作时，确定溢流时的蒸汽速率以及填充塔中压降对蒸汽负荷的依赖性。对纯水分馏和盐分离剂存在下的水分馏过程中的色谱柱操作进行了比较分析。结果表明，使用尿素分离氢同位素和使用MgCl ₂分离氧同位素可以使色谱柱相对于目标组分的性能提高一个数量级。