Three different poly(α-olefins–co–α-pinene) copolymers were synthesized by the reaction of α-pinene with three different α-olefins as 1-dodecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-octadecene, respectively by free radical polymerization initiated by azobisisobutyronitrile. All the three copolymers Pn-Dd, Pn-Hd, and Pn-Od were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic spectroscopy (NMR). Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis was used for molecular weight determination while the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was used for determining the thermal stability. After successful molecular characterization of these copolymers, application studies were carried out in MAK-500 (mineral lube base oil) as viscosity index improver (VII) and pour point depressant (PPD) additive. The four-ball tests were also performed on the additive blended samples to observe if these copolymers had any adverse effect on tribological properties. All the synthesized additives were found to be effective as an additive. But Pn-Od was found to be most effective without imposing any adverse effect on antiwear and antifriction characteristics of base oil. The biodegradability of all these polymers was determined as per ASTM D5864. Pn-Dd showed the highest ease of biodegradation.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

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可生物降解的聚（α-烯烃-共-α-P烯）结构作为降凝剂和粘度指数改进剂的研究

α-by烯与三种不同的α-烯烃分别为1-十二碳烯，1-十六碳烯，1-十八碳烯反应，通过自由基聚合引发了三种不同的聚（α-烯烃-共α-pine烯）共聚物。偶氮二异丁腈 三种共聚物Pn-Dd，Pn-Hd和Pn-Od均使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR），核磁光谱（NMR）进行了表征。凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）分析用于确定分子量，而热重分析（TGA）用于确定热稳定性。对这些共聚物进行成功的分子表征后，在MAK-500（矿物润滑油基础油）中作为粘度指数改进剂（VII）和降凝剂（PPD）添加剂进行了应用研究。还对添加剂共混样品进行了四球试验，以观察这些共聚物是否对摩擦学性能有不利影响。发现所有合成的添加剂均有效作为添加剂。但是发现Pn-Od是最有效的，并且不会对基础油的抗磨性和减摩特性产生任何不利影响。根据ASTM D5864确定所有这些聚合物的生物降解性。Pn-Dd表现出最高的生物降解难度。根据ASTM D5864确定所有这些聚合物的生物降解性。Pn-Dd表现出最高的生物降解难度。根据ASTM D5864确定所有这些聚合物的生物降解性。Pn-Dd表现出最高的生物降解难度。

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