In recent years, inspired by the structure of natural lotus leaves and fish scales, the oil/water separation membrane with special wettability has made remarkable progress. A cost-effective, eco-friendly and facile approach of membranes with special wettability performance is highly desired. Herein, magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) is synthesized in situ on cotton fabrics through a surface micro-dissolution method to prepare superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic functionalized fabrics. Driven by gravity, the Mg(OH)₂@fabric can successfully separate the oil/water mixture with high flux of 3027–4137 L/m² h and high separation efficiency of 99.5%. In addition, after soaking in harsh environment for 72 h, such as alkali and salt solution, it still has high stability and can be used as a membrane to separate a series of oil/water mixtures. Driven by a constant current pump (200 mL/min), the developed fabric can separate oil-in-water emulsions with a high separation efficiency of 99.5%. After 50 cycles, the separation efficiency of the treated fabric for oil–water mixture is more than 99.3%, and the underwater contact angle is more than 156.6°. This method can simply and effectively produce fabrics that can be used to treat water purification and oily wastewater, and has a broad application prospect.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

---

特殊润湿性功能化的Mg（OH）2 @棉织物的制备，用于油/水混合物和乳液分离

近年来，受天然荷叶和鱼鳞结构的启发，具有特殊润湿性的油水分离膜取得了显着进展。迫切需要一种具有特殊润湿性能的经济高效，环保且简便的膜方法。在此，通过表面微溶解法在棉织物上原位合成氢氧化镁（Mg（OH）₂），以制备超亲水和水下超疏油功能化织物。在重力的驱动下，Mg（OH）₂ @fabric可以成功分离出3027–4137 L / m ^2的高通量的油/水混合物 h，分离效率高达99.5％。此外，在碱性和盐溶液等恶劣环境中浸泡72小时后，它仍然具有很高的稳定性，可以用作分离一系列油/水混合物的膜。在恒流泵（200 mL / min）的驱动下，开发的织物可以以99.5％的高分离效率分离水包油乳液。经过50个循环后，处理后的织物对油水混合物的分离效率超过99.3％，水下接触角超过156.6°。该方法可以简单有效地生产可用于处理水净化和含油废水的织物，具有广阔的应用前景。

图形摘要