TMF1‐regulated nuclear protein 1 (Trnp1) has been shown to exert potent roles in neural development affecting neural stem cell self‐renewal and brain folding, but its molecular function in the nucleus is still unknown. Here, we show that Trnp1 is a low complexity protein with the capacity to phase separate. Trnp1 interacts with factors located in several nuclear membrane‐less organelles, the nucleolus, nuclear speckles, and condensed chromatin. Importantly, Trnp1 co‐regulates the architecture and function of these nuclear compartments in vitro and in the developing brain in vivo. Deletion of a highly conserved region in the N‐terminal intrinsic disordered region abolishes the capacity of Trnp1 to regulate nucleoli and heterochromatin size, proliferation, and M‐phase length; decreases the capacity to phase separate; and abrogates most of Trnp1 protein interactions. Thus, we identified Trnp1 as a novel regulator of several nuclear membrane‐less compartments, a function important to maintain cells in a self‐renewing proliferative state.

中文翻译：

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Trnp1在神经干细胞中组织了多样的无核无膜区室。

TMF1调节的核蛋白1（Trnp1）已显示在影响神经干细胞自我更新和大脑折叠的神经发育中发挥有效作用，但其在核中的分子功能仍然未知。在这里，我们显示Trnp1是具有相分离能力的低复杂度蛋白。Trnp1与位于几个无核无膜细胞器，核仁，核斑点和浓缩染色质中的因子相互作用。重要的是，Trnp1在体外和体内正在发育的大脑中共同调节这些核区的结构和功能。在N末端固有无序区域中删除高度保守的区域，将消除Trnp1调节核仁和异染色质大小，增殖和M期长度的能力；降低相分离的能力；并消除了大多数Trnp1蛋白相互作用。因此，我们确定Trnp1是几个无核无膜区室的新型调节剂，该功能对于维持细胞处于自我更新的增殖状态至关重要。