Shake table tests were performed on three two-story 1 : 3 reduced scale RC frame structures, representative of buildings with construction deficiencies in Pakistan. The models were subjected to the natural accelerogram of the 1994 Northridge earthquake and tested under multiple scaled excitations until the models attained incipient collapse state. The models’ damage mechanisms were studied, and the seismic response in terms of floor acceleration and floor displacement was retrieved. A uniform damage scale was developed for global performance assessment of considered deficient RC frames, listing average estimate of limit states’ drifts and base shear coefficients, with measured uncertainty, and describing frame damage condition. Numerical frame models were prepared in finite element-based program SeismoStruct and calibrated against experimental tests. The frames were analyzed through incremental dynamic analyses. Seismic fragility functions were derived using a probabilistic-based methodology, which may be used for global damageability assessment of the considered frame building typology. Available building damage-to-loss factors were employed to transform structural damages to repair cost ratio, which were correlated with seismic intensity (repair cost ratio versus seismic intensity) to derive the seismic vulnerability curve, which may be used for the direct economic loss estimation of the considered frame building typology.

中文翻译：

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具有构造缺陷的低矮钢筋混凝土框架的整体地震易损性函数

在三个两层的1：3缩小规模的RC框架结构上进行了振动台测试，代表了巴基斯坦建筑缺陷的建筑物。对模型进行了1994年Northridge地震的自然加速图，并在多次缩放激励下进行了测试，直到模型达到初期坍塌状态为止。研究了模型的损伤机理，并检索了基于地板加速度和地板位移的地震响应。开发了一个统一的损伤等级，用于对考虑到的不足RC框架进行整体性能评估，列出极限状态的漂移和基础剪力系数的平均估计值，并带有测得的不确定性，并描述框架损坏的情况。在基于有限元的程序SeismoStruct中准备了数字框架模型，并针对实验测试进行了校准。通过增量动态分析来分析框架。地震脆性函数是使用基于概率的方法得出的，可用于对所考虑的框架构造类型进行整体破坏性评估。利用可用的建筑物损损因子将结构损伤转换为维修成本比，将其与地震强度（维修成本比与地震强度）相关，以得出地震易损性曲线，该曲线可用于直接经济损失估算考虑的框架构建类型。可以用于对所考虑的框架构造类型进行整体损坏评估。利用可用的建筑物损损因子将结构损伤转换为维修成本比，将其与地震强度（维修成本比与地震强度）相关，以得出地震易损性曲线，该曲线可用于直接经济损失估算考虑的框架构建类型。可以用于对所考虑的框架构造类型进行整体损坏评估。利用可用的建筑物损损因子将结构损伤转换为维修成本比，将其与地震强度（维修成本比与地震强度）相关，以得出地震易损性曲线，该曲线可用于直接经济损失估算考虑的框架构建类型。