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Detecting the Coronavirus (COVID-19).
ACS Sensors ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01153 Pravin Pokhrel 1 , Changpeng Hu 1, 2 , Hanbin Mao 1
ACS Sensors ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01153 Pravin Pokhrel 1 , Changpeng Hu 1, 2 , Hanbin Mao 1
Affiliation
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The COVID-19 pandemic has created huge damage to society and brought panic around the world. Such panic can be ascribed to the seemingly deceptive features of COVID-19: Compared to other deadly viral outbreaks, it has medium transmission and mortality rates. As a result, the severity of the causative coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was deeply underestimated by society at the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak. Based on this, in this review, we define the viruses with features similar to those of SARS-CoV-2 as the Panic Zone viruses. To contain those viruses, accurate and fast diagnosis followed by effective isolation and treatment of patients are pivotal at the early stage of virus breakouts. This is especially true when there is no cure or vaccine available for a transmissible disease, which is the case for the current COVID-19 pandemic. As of July 2020, more than 100 kits for COVID-19 diagnosis on the market have been surveyed in this review, while emerging sensing techniques for SARS-CoV-2 are also discussed. It is of critical importance to rationally use these kits for efficient management and control of the Panic Zone viruses. Therefore, we discuss guidelines to select diagnostic kits at different outbreak stages of the Panic Zone viruses, SARS-CoV-2 in particular. While it is of utmost importance to use nucleic acid based detection kits with low false negativity (high sensitivity) at the early stage of an outbreak, the low false positivity (high specificity) gains importance at later stages of the outbreak. When society is set to reopen from the lockdown stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, it becomes critical to have immunoassay based kits with high specificity to identify people who can safely return to society after their recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infections. Finally, since a massive attack from a viral pandemic requires a massive defense from the whole society, we urge both government and the private sector to research and develop affordable and reliable point-of-care testing (POCT) kits, which can be used massively by the general public (and therefore called massive POCT) to contain Panic Zone viruses in the future.
中文翻译：
检测冠状病毒 (COVID-19)。
COVID-19大流行给社会造成了巨大损害，并给世界各地带来了恐慌。这种恐慌可以归因于 COVID-19 看似具有欺骗性的特征：与其他致命的病毒爆发相比，它的传播率和死亡率为中等。因此，在 COVID-19 爆发之初，社会严重低估了致病冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 的严重性。基于此，在本次综述中，我们将与 SARS-CoV-2 具有相似特征的病毒定义为恐慌区病毒。为了遏制这些病毒，在病毒爆发的早期阶段，准确、快速的诊断以及对患者的有效隔离和治疗至关重要。当没有针对传染性疾病的治疗方法或疫苗时尤其如此，当前的 COVID-19 大流行就是这种情况。截至 2020 年 7 月，本次综述已调查了市场上 100 多种用于 COVID-19 诊断的试剂盒，同时还讨论了针对 SARS-CoV-2 的新兴传感技术。合理使用这些试剂盒对于有效管理和控制恐慌区病毒至关重要。因此，我们讨论了在恐慌区病毒（特别是 SARS-CoV-2）不同爆发阶段选择诊断试剂盒的指南。虽然在疫情爆发的早期阶段使用具有低假阴性（高灵敏度）的核酸检测试剂盒至关重要，但在疫情爆发的后期阶段，低假阳性（高特异性）变得更加重要。当社会准备从 COVID-19 大流行的封锁阶段重新开放时，拥有基于免疫分析的高特异性试剂盒来识别从 SARS-CoV-2 感染恢复后可以安全返回社会的人变得至关重要。 最后，由于病毒大流行的大规模攻击需要全社会的大规模防御，我们敦促政府和私营部门研究和开发可负担且可靠的可大规模使用的即时检测（POCT）套件由公众（因此称为大规模 POCT）来遏制未来的恐慌区病毒。
更新日期：2020-08-28
中文翻译：
检测冠状病毒 (COVID-19)。
COVID-19大流行给社会造成了巨大损害，并给世界各地带来了恐慌。这种恐慌可以归因于 COVID-19 看似具有欺骗性的特征：与其他致命的病毒爆发相比，它的传播率和死亡率为中等。因此，在 COVID-19 爆发之初，社会严重低估了致病冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 的严重性。基于此，在本次综述中，我们将与 SARS-CoV-2 具有相似特征的病毒定义为恐慌区病毒。为了遏制这些病毒，在病毒爆发的早期阶段，准确、快速的诊断以及对患者的有效隔离和治疗至关重要。当没有针对传染性疾病的治疗方法或疫苗时尤其如此，当前的 COVID-19 大流行就是这种情况。截至 2020 年 7 月，本次综述已调查了市场上 100 多种用于 COVID-19 诊断的试剂盒，同时还讨论了针对 SARS-CoV-2 的新兴传感技术。合理使用这些试剂盒对于有效管理和控制恐慌区病毒至关重要。因此，我们讨论了在恐慌区病毒（特别是 SARS-CoV-2）不同爆发阶段选择诊断试剂盒的指南。虽然在疫情爆发的早期阶段使用具有低假阴性（高灵敏度）的核酸检测试剂盒至关重要，但在疫情爆发的后期阶段，低假阳性（高特异性）变得更加重要。当社会准备从 COVID-19 大流行的封锁阶段重新开放时，拥有基于免疫分析的高特异性试剂盒来识别从 SARS-CoV-2 感染恢复后可以安全返回社会的人变得至关重要。 最后，由于病毒大流行的大规模攻击需要全社会的大规模防御，我们敦促政府和私营部门研究和开发可负担且可靠的可大规模使用的即时检测（POCT）套件由公众（因此称为大规模 POCT）来遏制未来的恐慌区病毒。
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