Abstract India is blessed with vast floodplain wetland resources of 0.5 million ha that are distributed in the Eastern and North Eastern States. They possess varying morphometry, ecological profile, trophic status and biota, and harbor around 96 fish species, however the fish diversity is declining in recent years due to anthropogenic and other stressors including climate change. The wetlands are serving the need for fish from sustenance level to high intensity with varying management regimes. The average fish yield realized from these wetlands was very low as 50 kg ha−1 yr−1 against the annual potential of 2000 kg ha−1 yr−1. The fish yield from these resources has enhanced through adoption of culture based fisheries and the average yield has increased to 400 kg ha−1 yr−1. The increase in fish yield is about 20% of the production potential and there exists wide scope for developing integrated management strategies for optimizing the fish yield. Insufficient access to scientific knowledge and technologies, loss of biodiversity, habitat degradation, poor fisheries infrastructure, weak financial capacity, lack of co-operative approach, poor linkages and unorganized institutional arrangements pose challenges in achieving the potential. The present review synthesizes the updated information available on floodplain wetlands and the changes and developments during the last few decades with reference to ecology, fisheries, biodiversity, production potential, threats, institutional arrangements, governance and recommends strategies for conservation and sustainable fisheries development.

中文翻译：

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印度漫滩湿地渔业的现状、潜力、前景和问题：可持续管理的综合与回顾

摘要 印度拥有 50 万公顷的广阔洪泛区湿地资源，分布在东部和东北部各州。它们拥有不同的形态、生态特征、营养状况和生物群，并拥有大约 96 种鱼类，但近年来由于人为和其他压力因素（包括气候变化），鱼类多样性正在下降。湿地通过不同的管理制度满足从维持水平到高强度的鱼类需求。这些湿地实现的平均鱼类产量非常低，仅为 50 kg ha-1 yr-1，而年潜力为 2000 kg ha-1 yr-1。通过采用以养殖为基础的渔业，这些资源的鱼产量提高了，平均产量增加到 400 kg ha-1 yr-1。鱼类产量的增加约为生产潜力的 20%，并且存在制定优化鱼类产量的综合管理策略的广阔空间。获取科学知识和技术的机会不足、生物多样性丧失、栖息地退化、渔业基础设施薄弱、财政能力薄弱、缺乏合作方法、联系薄弱和无组织的体制安排对实现潜力构成了挑战。本综述综合了关于洪泛区湿地的最新信息以及过去几十年的变化和发展，涉及生态、渔业、生物多样性、生产潜力、威胁、制度安排、治理，并提出了保护和可持续渔业发展的战略建议。