Two recently constructed run-of-the-river dams (Santo Antonio and Jirau), along the Madeira River in Brazil, have been controversial due to their large unquantified impacts on (1) land use and land cover (LULC) and (2) on the area that would be flooded. Based on annual LULC data from 1985 to 2017, this study integrated intensity analysis and difference components methods to analyze the impacts of the two dams on the annual flooded area in upstream, midstream, and downstream regions of the Madeira River. The dam construction significantly influenced LULC change intensity in the upstream and midstream regions since 2011 and 2010, respectively. An increase of 18.5% of the newly flooded area (462.58 km2) in the post-dam construction period was observed. The water gross gain intensity was active during 2011–2017 and 2011–2014 in upstream and midstream, respectively. The dominant difference components of water change were exchanged in the pre-dam period and became quantity in the post-dam period for both upstream and midstream regions. Forest was the major land category replaced by water; however, the highest gain intensities occurred in other non-vegetated areas in upstream and midstream. This study provided a useful approach for characterizing impacts of dam construction on water area change.

中文翻译：

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检查伴随巴西亚马逊马德拉河大坝建设的水域变化

巴西马德拉河沿岸最近建造的两座径流式水坝（圣安东尼奥和吉劳）一直存在争议，因为它们对 (1) 土地利用和土地覆盖 (LULC) 和 (2) 产生了巨大的未量化影响在将被淹没的区域。本研究以1985-2017年LULC年数据为基础，综合强度分析和差分分量法，分析了两座大坝对马德拉河上游、中游和下游地区年洪涝面积的影响。2011年和2010年以来，大坝建设对上游和中游地区LULC变化强度产生了显着影响。据观察，大坝后建设期新增淹没面积（462.58 平方公里）增加了 18.5%。2011-2017 年和 2011-2014 年上游和中游水总增益强度活跃，分别。上游和中游地区水量变化的主导差异分量在坝前交换，在坝后变为量。森林是被水取代的主要土地类别；然而，最高的增益强度出现在上游和中游的其他非植被区。本研究为表征大坝建设对水域变化的影响提供了一种有用的方法。