Studies of the elements that make up the structure of a building have generally focused on topics related to their physical and structural capacities. Although research has been carried out into environmental impact during the life cycle stages, the environmental profile is far from established. This research aims to reduce the gap in the knowledge of this subject, offering useful information to professionals in the construction industry, which will enable them to consider environmental aspects when choosing the best construction systems. The present study applies the methodology of the life cycle assessment (LCA), to analyze and compare four floor construction systems in two different scenarios (“A” with a functional homogeneous unit of 1 m 2 and “B” with 1 m² made up of the percentages of the floor system and the special areas of the building). The analysis is performed using the LCA Manager software, along with the Ecoinvent 3.1 database and with a cradle to handover perspective (A1–A5). Comparison was made using two environmental impact methodologies, Eco-indicator 99 and CML 2001. The results highlight the stages A1–A3 as those that generate the greatest environmental impact. Comparing the environmental profiles of the different floor systems, one-way floor systems I and II had the best environmental scores, 30% less than two-way floor system III and 50% less than slab floor system IV.

中文翻译：

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通过 LCA 标准构建楼板系统的缩影

对构成建筑物结构的元素的研究通常集中在与其物理和结构能力相关的主题上。尽管已经对生命周期阶段的环境影响进行了研究，但远未建立环境概况。本研究旨在缩小该学科知识的差距，为建筑行业的专业人士提供有用的信息，使他们在选择最佳建筑系统时能够考虑环境因素。本研究应用生命周期评估 (LCA) 方法，分析和比较两种不同场景中的四个楼层建筑系统（“A”具有 1 m 2 的功能同质单元，“B”具有 1 m² 由楼层系统和建筑物特殊区域的百分比）。使用 LCA Manager 软件、Ecoinvent 3.1 数据库和从摇篮到移交的视角 (A1–A5) 进行分析。使用两种环境影响方法进行了比较，即生态指标 99 和 CML 2001。结果突出显示了 A1-A3 阶段是产生最大环境影响的阶段。比较不同地板系统的环境特征，单向地板系统 I 和 II 的环境得分最高，比双向地板系统 III 低 30%，比板式地板系统 IV 低 50%。结果强调了 A1-A3 阶段是对环境影响最大的阶段。比较不同地板系统的环境特征，单向地板系统 I 和 II 的环境得分最高，比双向地板系统 III 低 30%，比板式地板系统 IV 低 50%。结果强调了 A1-A3 阶段是对环境影响最大的阶段。比较不同地板系统的环境特征，单向地板系统 I 和 II 的环境得分最高，比双向地板系统 III 低 30%，比板式地板系统 IV 低 50%。