Gut microbiota and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are associated with the development of various human diseases. In this study, we examined the role of astragaloside IV in modulating mouse gut microbiota structure and the generation of SCFAs, as well as in slow transit constipation (STC). An STC model was established by treating mice with loperamide, in which the therapeutic effects of astragaloside IV were evaluated. The microbiota community structure and SCFA content were analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, respectively. The influence of butyrate on STC was assessed using a mouse model and Cajal cells (ICC). Astragaloside IV promoted defecation, improved intestinal mobility, suppressed ICC loss and alleviated colonic lesions in STC mice. Alterations in gut microbiota community structure in STC mice, such as decreased Lactobacillus reuteri diversity, were improved following astragaloside IV treatment. Moreover, astragaloside IV up‐regulated butyric acid and valeric acid, but decreased isovaleric acid, in STC mouse stools. Butyrate promoted defecation, improved intestinal mobility, and enhanced ICC proliferation by regulating the AKT–NF‐κB signalling pathway. Astragaloside IV promoted intestinal transit in STC mice and inhibited ICC loss by regulating the gut microbiota community structure and generating butyric acid.

中文翻译：

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黄芪甲苷通过调节肠道微生物群分布和促进丁酸生成来缓解小鼠慢传输便秘。

肠道微生物群和短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 与各种人类疾病的发展有关。在这项研究中，我们研究了黄芪甲苷在调节小鼠肠道微生物群结构和 SCFA 生成以及慢传输便秘 (STC) 中的作用。用洛哌丁胺治疗小鼠建立STC模型，评价黄芪甲苷的治疗效果。微生物群落结构和 SCFA 含量分别通过 16S rRNA 基因测序和气相色谱-质谱法分析。使用小鼠模型和 Cajal 细胞 (ICC) 评估丁酸盐对 STC 的影响。黄芪甲苷 IV 促进排便，改善肠道流动性，抑制 ICC 损失并减轻 STC 小鼠的结肠病变。STC小鼠肠道微生物群落结构的改变，罗伊氏乳杆菌多样性在黄芪甲苷 IV 治疗后得到改善。此外，黄芪甲苷在 STC 小鼠粪便中上调丁酸和戊酸，但降低异戊酸。丁酸盐通过调节 AKT-NF-κB 信号通路促进排便、改善肠道流动性和增强 ICC 增殖。黄芪甲苷通过调节肠道微生物群落结构和产生丁酸促进 STC 小鼠肠道转运并抑制 ICC 丢失。