Asymmetric Carbon Nanohorn Enabled Soft Capacitors with High Power Density and Ultra‐Low Cutoff Frequency,Advanced Materials Technologies

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Asymmetric Carbon Nanohorn Enabled Soft Capacitors with High Power Density and Ultra‐Low Cutoff Frequency
Advanced Materials Technologies ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-06 , DOI: 10.1002/admt.202000372
Benxuan Li ₁ , Shijie Zhan ₁ , Haolan Wang ₂ , Bo Hou ₃ , Gehan A. J. Amaratunga ₁

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Flexible capacitors are a promising power source for foldable and biological electronic devices. Although various materials and device structures have been explored, they are still limited by low energy densities and slow rate capabilities compared to their rigid counterparts. Here, asymmetric carbon nanohorns are proposed as an active material to fabricate flexible solid‐state carbon wire (CW)‐based electrochemical supercapacitors (ss‐CWECs) which exhibit high power density and ultra‐low cutoff frequency. By controlling the electric arc reaction at low temperature (77 K), asymmetric single‐wall carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs) are synthesized with high yield. Based on microscopy and electrochemical characterization, the fundamental reaction mechanism in polyvinyl‐based electrolyte system is elucidated, as being associated with deprotonation reaction at acid, base, and elevated temperature conditions. Additionally, by using activated carbon, multi‐walled carbon nanotubes, and SWCNHs as hybrid electrode materials (5:1:1), remarkable specific length capacitance of 48.76 mF cm⁻¹ and charge–discharge stability (over 2000 times cycles) of ss‐CWECs are demonstrated, which are the highest reported to date. Furthermore, a high‐pass filter for eliminating ultra‐low electronic noise is demonstrated, which enables an optical Morse Code communication system to be operated. Current results confirm the SWCNHs as promising materials for high‐performance soft electronics and energy storage applications.

中文翻译：

具有高功率密度和超低截止频率的非对称碳纳米角启用软电容器

柔性电容器是可折叠和生物电子设备的有前途的电源。尽管已经探索了各种材料和设备结构，但与刚性结构相比，它们仍然受到低能量密度和慢速能力的限制。在此，提出了不对称碳纳米角作为活性材料，以制造具有高功率密度和超低截止频率的基于柔性固态碳线（CW）的电化学超级电容器（ss-CWEC）。通过在低温（77 K）下控制电弧反应，可以高收率合成不对称单壁碳纳米角（SWCNHs）。基于显微镜和电化学表征，阐明了聚乙烯基电解质体系的基本反应机理，与在酸，碱和高温条件下的去质子化反应有关。此外，通过使用活性炭，多壁碳纳米管和SWCNHs作为混合电极材料（5：1：1），具有48.76 mF cm的显着比长电容演示了ss-CWEC的^-1和充放电稳定性（超过2000次循环），这是迄今为止报道的最高值。此外，还展示了一种用于消除超低电子噪声的高通滤波器，该滤波器可以使光学莫尔斯电码通信系统运行。目前的结果证实，SWCNHs是用于高性能软电子和储能应用的有前途的材料。

更新日期：2020-09-10

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