Plastic pollution is of major environmental concern. The impact of this pollution on the ecosystem is not fully understood mainly due to the lack of analytical methods to detect and quantify micro(nano)plastic. The use of mass spectrometry was initially not considered as technique of choice but a steady flow of recent publications show its promises. This review is giving a thorough state of the art on the use of thermal degradation-mass spectroscopy for the detection of micro(nano)plastics and points at technological issues that remain to be resolved. It is discussed the possibility to perform minimum sample purification which is a substantial advantage compare to existing methods. Matrix interferences are discussed with regards to the indicator compounds selected. Mass spectrometry development, like the use of high resolution, opens up promising perspectives to improve the method performances. Mass spectrometry will be a major tool in this domain in the near future.

塑料污染是主要的环境问题。由于缺乏检测和定量分析微量（纳米）塑料的分析方法，这种污染对生态系统的影响尚未得到充分理解。最初，质谱分析的使用并不被认为是一种选择技术，但是最近的出版物不断涌现，表明了其前景。这篇综述提供了使用热降解质谱技术检测微（纳米）塑料的最新技术，并指出了有待解决的技术问题。讨论了执行最小样品纯化的可能性，与现有方法相比，这是一个很大的优势。讨论了有关所选指示剂化合物的基质干扰。质谱的发展，例如使用高分辨率，为改善方法性能开辟了广阔的前景。在不久的将来，质谱将成为该领域的主要工具。