Abstract Our propensity to acclimate to new surroundings and flexibly choose an optimal behavior for a maximal reward (i.e., optimal outcome) is natural, for it affects our survival. A line of studies suggested that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) could be a potential hub for adaptive behaviors, but its exact functions remain poorly understood. One experimental study suggested that ACC can enable monkeys to correct errors, but another study found that a legion of ACC did not impair monkeys’ ability to correct errors. Instead, it made monkeys incapable of maintaining their optimal actions. Given the importance of ACC in reward-based decision-making, it is imperative to better understand the functions of ACC in reward-based decision-making. To this end, we sought biologically-plausible mechanisms to account for the two seemingly conflicting results mentioned above by utilizing a computational model. From our simulations, we found that 1) the interplay between the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and ACC can account for both experimental observations and 2) ACC can correct behavioral responses by reading out and updating motor plans (guiding future motor responses) stored in PFC.

中文翻译：

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基于奖励的决策过程中运动反应矫正的生物学合理机制

摘要 我们适应新环境并灵活选择最佳行为以获得最大奖励（即最佳结果）的倾向是自然的，因为它会影响我们的生存。一系列研究表明，前扣带回皮层 (ACC) 可能是适应性行为的潜在枢纽，但其确切功能仍知之甚少。一项实验研究表明，ACC 可以使猴子纠正错误，但另一项研究发现，大量 ACC 并没有削弱猴子纠正错误的能力。相反，它使猴子无法保持最佳动作。鉴于 ACC 在基于奖励的决策中的重要性，必须更好地理解 ACC 在基于奖励的决策中的功能。为此，我们通过使用计算模型寻找生物学上合理的机制来解释上面提到的两个看似矛盾的结果。从我们的模拟中，我们发现 1) 前额叶皮层 (PFC) 和 ACC 之间的相互作用可以解释实验观察和 2) ACC 可以通过读取和更新存储在 PFC 中的运动计划（指导未来的运动反应）来纠正行为反应.