Abstract

The process of regulated cell death (RCD), as well as proliferation and differentiation, is an important and integral part of the development of any multicellular organism. There are a number of different mechanisms of RCD that can be activated in response to developmental and environmental signals. In this review, we focus on the new insights into the main cellular events and molecular mechanisms characterizing different cell death pathways during oogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. During Drosophila oogenesis, at least five different stage-specific RCD scenarios are realized, including (1) caspase-dependent death of the germline cells (GCs) in early oogenesis, which is mediated by autophagy; (2) canonical apoptosis, which removes the excess of somatic polar cells at stages 4–5 of oogenesis; (3) RCD of mid-stage egg chambers, which begins with caspase-dependent death of GCs with the participation of autophagy and finishes with their engulfment by the surrounding follicle cells (FCs); (4) non-apoptotic RCD of late-stage nurse cells, initiated and controlled by the surrounding FCs; (5) caspase-independent death of the FCs that have fulfilled their functions through autophagy at the end of stage 14.

中文翻译：

---

果蝇产卵过程中遗传调控细胞死亡的主要场景。

摘要

调节性细胞死亡（RCD）的过程以及增殖和分化是任何多细胞生物发展的重要组成部分。响应发育和环境信号，可以激活多种不同的RCD机制。在这篇综述中，我们集中于对果蝇产卵过程中表征不同细胞死亡途径的主要细胞事件和分子机制的新见解。果蝇期间在卵子发生中，至少实现了五种不同的阶段特异性RCD情景，包括（1）早期卵子发生中种系细胞（GCs）的半胱天冬酶依赖性死亡，这是由自噬介导的；（2）规范性细胞凋亡，在卵子发生的第4-5阶段去除了多余的体细胞极性细胞；（3）中期蛋腔的RCD，其开始于自噬的参与，由半胱天冬酶依赖性的GC死亡，最后被周围的卵泡细胞（FC）吞噬。（4）晚期护士细胞的非凋亡RCD，由周围的FC引发和控制；（5）在阶段14结束时通过自噬完成其功能的FC的caspase依赖性死亡。