Rotation of insecticide modes of action is recommended to delay selection for insecticide resistance. In this study, larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) were exposed alternately to spinetoram and metaflumizone with insecticidal and biological response determined. Five generations (G) were evaluated with at least 200 larvae assayed per treatment. The experiment consisted of rearing field-collected and untreated larvae (M-Control), larvae with successive applications of either metaflumizone (M-MET) or spinetoram (M-SPI), and alternation of these insecticides (M-Rotation treatment) consisting of the following treatments: G₂ = exposure to SPI, G₃ = exposure to MET, G₄ = exposure to SPI, G₅ = exposure to MET, and G₆ = exposure to SPI. Four days after application, those surviving larvae were used to compose the following generations. In the G₇, evaluations were made on the selected populations M-MET, M-SPI, M-Rotation, and control larvae to determine biological characteristics used to calculate the fertility life table parameters and further comparisons across treatments. The frequency of resistance was increased at rate of 49.5% and 29.2% after five generations of selection pressure with MET and SPI, respectively. However, rotation of insecticides reduced the frequency of resistance about 50% over the generations. Individuals originated from successive exposures to the insecticides exhibited delayed egg incubation, greater percentage of pupae with deformation, longer larval and pupal periods, and reduction in emergence rate and longevity of adults, suggesting adaptive costs associated with resistance.

建议轮换杀虫剂作用方式以延迟对杀虫剂抗性的选择。在这项研究中，草地贪夜蛾(JE Smith) 的幼虫交替暴露于多杀菌素和灭氟虫胺，并确定了杀虫和生物反应。每处理至少检测 200 只幼虫，对五代 (G) 进行评估。该实验包括饲养田间收集和未经处理的幼虫（M-Control）、连续施用氰氟虫胺（M-MET）或多杀菌素（M-SPI）的幼虫，以及这些杀虫剂的交替使用（M-Rotation 处理），包括以下处理：G ₂  = SPI 暴露，G ₃  = MET 暴露，G ₄  = SPI 暴露，G ₅ = MET 暴露，G ₆  = SPI 暴露。施用后四天，那些存活的幼虫被用来组成后代。在 G ₇，对选定的群体 M-MET、M-SPI、M-Rotation 和对照幼虫进行了评估，以确定用于计算生育生命表参数的生物学特征，并进一步比较不同处理。在MET和SPI选择压力5代后，抗性频率分别增加了49.5%和29.2%。然而，杀虫剂的轮换在几代人中降低了大约 50% 的抗性频率。连续接触杀虫剂的个体表现出卵孵化延迟、变形蛹的比例更大、幼虫和蛹期更长、成虫羽化率和寿命降低，这表明与抗药性相关的适应性成本。