The total suspended matter (TSM) variability plays a crucial role in a lake’s ecological functioning and its biogeochemical cycle. Sentinel-2A MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) and Landsat 8 Operational Land Instrument (OLI) data offer unique opportunities for investigating certain in-water constituents (e.g., TSM and chlorophyll-a) owing to their spatial resolution (10–60 m). In this framework, we assessed the potential of MSI–OLI combined data in characterizing the multi-temporal (2014–2018) TSM variability in Pertusillo Lake (Basilicata region, Southern Italy). We developed and validated a customized MSI-based TSM model (R² = 0.81) by exploiting ground measurements acquired during specific measurement campaigns. The model was then exported as OLI data through an intercalibration procedure (R² = 0.87), allowing for the generation of a TSM multi-temporal MSI–OLI merged dataset. The analysis of the derived multi-year TSM monthly maps showed the influence of hydrological factors on the TSM seasonal dynamics over two sub-regions of the lake, the west and east areas. The western side is more influenced by inflowing rivers and water level fluctuations, the effects of which tend to longitudinally decrease, leading to less sediment within the eastern sub-area. The achieved results can be exploited by regional authorities for better management of inland water quality and monitoring systems.

中文翻译：

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通过使用Sentinel 2-MSI和Landsat 8-OLI数据对总悬浮物进行建模和多时相表征：Pertusillo Lake案例研究（意大利）

总悬浮物（TSM）的变化在湖泊的生态功能及其生物地球化学循环中起着至关重要的作用。Sentinel-2A多光谱仪器（MSI）和Landsat 8可操作土地仪器（OLI）数据由于其空间分辨率（10-60 m），为调查某些水中成分（例如TSM和叶绿素a）提供了独特的机会。在此框架中，我们评估了MSI-OLI组合数据在表征Pertusillo湖（意大利南部巴斯利卡塔地区）的多时相（2014-2018年）TSM变异性方面的潜力。通过利用在特定测量活动中获得的地面测量结果，我们开发并验证了基于MSI的定制TSM模型（R ² = 0.81）。然后通过相互校准程序将模型作为OLI数据导出（R ²= 0.87），从而允许生成TSM多时相MSI-OLI合并数据集。对导出的多年期TSM月度图的分析表明，水文因素对西部和东部湖两个子区域的TSM季节动态的影响。西侧受河流流入和水位波动的影响更大，其影响趋于纵向减小，从而导致东部分区内的沉积物减少。区域当局可以利用取得的成果来更好地管理内陆水质和监测系统。