Sympatric tree species are subject to similar climatic drivers, posing a question as to whether they display comparable adaptive responses. However, no study has explicitly examined local adaptation of co‐occurring parasitic and autotrophic plant species to the abiotic environment. Here we test the hypotheses that a generalist parasitic tree would display a weaker signal of selection and that genomic variation would associate with fewer climatic variables (particularly precipitation) but have similar spatial patterns to a sympatric autotrophic tree species. To test these hypotheses, we collected samples from 17 sites across the range of two tree species, the hemiparasite Nuytsia floribunda (n = 264) and sympatric autotroph Melaleuca rhaphiophylla (n = 272). We obtained 5,531 high‐quality genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for M. rhaphiophylla and 6,727 SNPs for N. floribunda using DArTseq genome scan technology. Population differentiation and environmental association approaches were used to identify signals of selection. Generalized dissimilarly modelling was used to detect climatic and spatial patterns of local adaptation across climatic gradients. Overall, 322 SNPs were identified as putatively adaptive for the autotroph, while only 57 SNPs were identified for the parasitic species. We found genomic variation to associate with different sets of bioclimatic variables for each species, with precipitation relatively less important for the parasite. Spatial patterns of predicted adaptive variability were different and indicate that co‐occurring species with disparate life history traits may not respond equally to selective pressures (i.e., temperature and precipitation). Together, these findings provide insight into local adaptation of sympatric parasitic and autotrophic tree species to abiotic environments.

中文翻译：

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同伴寄生和自养树种之间沿气候梯度的局部适应性对比模式。

同胞树种也受类似的气候驱动因素的影响，因此对它们是否显示出可比的适应性反应提出了疑问。但是，尚无研究明确检查同时存在的寄生和自养植物物种对非生物环境的局部适应性。在这里，我们检验了以下假设：通才寄生树将显示较弱的选择信号，而基因组变异将与较少的气候变量（尤其是降水）相关联，但具有与同养自养树种相似的空间格局。为了检验这些假设，我们从两个树种的半寄生物南弗洛里达霉菌（Nytsia floribunda（n  = 264）和同养自养生物千变种Melaleuca rhaphiophylla（n  = 272）。我们为M获得了5,531个高质量的全基因组单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。 rhaphiophylla和6727个SNP为Ñ。 鸢尾科使用DArTseq基因组扫描技术。人口分化和环境关联方法用于识别选择信号。通用的非相似模型用于检测跨气候梯度的局部适应的气候和空间模式。总体上，鉴定出322种SNP被认为对自养生物具有适应性，而仅57种SNP被鉴定为对寄生生物。我们发现基因组变异与每种物种的不同生物气候变量集相关，而降水对寄生虫的重要性相对较低。预测的适应性变异的空间格局是不同的，表明具有不同生活史特征的共生物种对选择压力（例如温度和降水）的反应可能不同。一起，