Depth perception is essential for effective interaction with the environment. Although the accuracy of depth perception has been studied extensively, it is unclear how accurate the depth information is stored in working memory. In this study, we investigated the accuracy and systematic biases of depth representation by a delayed estimation task. The memory array consisted of items presented at various stereoscopic depth positions, and the participants were instructed to estimate the depth position of one target item after a retention interval. We examined the effect of spatial configuration by comparing the memory performance in the whole‐display condition where non‐target memory items were present during retrieval with that in the single‐display condition where non‐target memory items were absent. In the single‐display condition, we found an overestimation bias that the depth estimates were farther than the corresponding depth positions defined by disparity, and a contraction bias that the stored depth positions near the observer were overestimated and those far from the observer were underestimated. The magnitude of these biases increased with the number of to‐be‐stored items. However, in the whole‐display condition, the overestimation bias was corrected and the contraction bias did not increase with the number of to‐be‐stored items. Our findings suggested that the number of to‐be‐stored items could affect the accuracy of depth working memory, and its effect depended crucially on whether the information of spatial configuration of memory display was available at the retrieval stage.

中文翻译：

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存储在工作存储器中的深度信息的高估和收缩偏差取决于空间配置

深度感知对于与环境进行有效交互至关重要。尽管深度感知的准确性已得到广泛研究，但尚不清楚深度信息存储在工作存储器中的准确性如何。在这项研究中，我们调查了延迟估计任务对深度表示的准确性和系统偏差。存储器阵列由呈现在各种立体深度位置的项目组成，并且指示参与者在保留间隔后估算一个目标项目的深度位置。我们通过比较在检索过程中存在非目标存储项的全显示条件下的存储性能与不存在非目标存储项的单显示条件下的存储性能，检查了空间配置的影响。在单显示条件下，我们发现一个高估偏差，即深度估算值比视差定义的相应深度位置要远，而收缩偏差是，观测者附近的存储深度位置被高估了，而远离观测者的深度位置被低估了。这些偏差的程度随着要存储的项目数的增加而增加。但是，在整体显示条件下，高估偏差已得到纠正，而收缩偏差并未随要存储项目的数量而增加。我们的发现表明，要存储的项目数可能会影响深度工作记忆的准确性，其影响主要取决于在检索阶段是否可获得记忆显示的空间配置信息。