There is strong evidence that lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants interact through different mechanisms and that it is their mixed effects what leads to health benefits. Simultaneous extraction of both types of antioxidants from biomass using organic solvents is inefficient because extraction yields for these phytochemicals are highly dependent on the polarity of the solvent. In this work, we firstly propose the use of supramolecular solvents (SUPRAS) as an innovative approach for the simultaneous extraction of a wide polarity range of antioxidants. Different SUPRAS compositions were investigated for extraction of the total content of carotenoids and polyphenols, as representatives of lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants, respectively. Under optimal conditions, antioxidants were extracted from freeze-dried biomass of sp. in an excellent rate related to their total content (up to 1 mg carotenoids/g dw and 10 mg of gallic acid equivalents, GAE/g dw). Screening based on liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) revealed that lutein was the major carotenoid and caffeic acid the main phenolic compound. The SUPRAS extracts showed high antioxidant activity (25.04 ± 0.73 µM ascorbic acid equivalents antioxidant capacity, AAAC/g dw and 17.02 ± 0.45 µM AAAE/g dw for ABTS and DPPH assays, respectively). SUPRAS offered advantages in terms of non-toxicity, rapidity (5 min extraction) and cost-effectiveness (room temperature, atmospheric pressure) for the recovery of antioxidant compounds from algal biomass and constitute a good alternative to the use of conventional solvents.

中文翻译：

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用超分子溶剂从微藻中高效提取亲水性和亲脂性抗氧化剂


有强有力的证据表明，亲脂性和亲水性抗氧化剂通过不同的机制相互作用，并且正是它们的混合效应带来了健康益处。使用有机溶剂从生物质中同时提取两种类型的抗氧化剂效率低下，因为这些植物化学物质的提取率高度依赖于溶剂的极性。在这项工作中，我们首先提出使用超分子溶剂（SUPRAS）作为同时提取多种极性范围的抗氧化剂的创新方法。研究了不同的 SUPRAS 组合物提取类胡萝卜素和多酚的总含量，分别作为亲脂性和亲水性抗氧化剂的代表。在最佳条件下，从冷冻干燥的 sp. 生物量中提取抗氧化剂。其总含量非常高（高达 1 毫克类胡萝卜素/克干重和 10 毫克没食子酸当量，GAE/克干重）。基于液相色谱和串联质谱 (LC-MS/MS) 的筛选表明，叶黄素是主要的类胡萝卜素，咖啡酸是主要的酚类化合物。 SUPRAS 提取物显示出高抗氧化活性（ABTS 和 DPPH 测定中抗坏血酸当量抗氧化能力 AAAC/g dw 分别为 25.04 ± 0.73 µM AAAE/g dw 和 17.02 ± 0.45 µM AAAE/g dw）。 SUPRAS 在从藻类生物质中回收抗氧化化合物方面具有无毒、快速（提取 5 分钟）和成本效益（室温、大气压）等优势，是传统溶剂使用的良好替代品。