Objective

To report diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of vaginal yolk sac tumor (YST) cases at a single institution and review literature on vaginal YST to outline advancements in diagnosis, treatment, and survival.

Design

Retrospective chart review of female patients less than 21 years of age with pathologic diagnosis of vaginal YST treated at a large children's hospital, and summary of a 100-year review of the literature on vaginal yolk sac tumor.

Setting

Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, a tertiary center in Atlanta, GA.

Participants

Female patients less than 21 years of age diagnosed with vaginal YST.

Results

Two cases of vaginal YST at our institution are outlined. Both patients presented within the first 2 years of life with vaginal bleeding and were treated successfully with chemotherapy alone. After review of the literature, 137 cases of vaginal YST were found. The mean age at diagnosis was 11 months, and all patients presented with vaginal bleeding. Before 2000, more radical treatments were pursued, and 40% resulted in death. Since the year 2000, treatment has shifted toward chemotherapy and more conservative surgical management, with 51% of vaginal YST cases treated with chemotherapy alone with 92% of patients alive at time of publication.

Conclusion

Our cases contribute to the limited literature demonstrating the efficacy of conservative management of rare cases of vaginal YST with chemotherapy alone. This case series and review of the literature provide mounting evidence that vaginal YST should be in the differential diagnosis in young girls with vaginal tumors, and conservative management of vaginal YST has excellent outcomes.

中文翻译：

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阴道卵黄囊肿瘤：病例系列与文献综述。

目的

在单个机构中报告阴道卵黄囊瘤（YST）病例的诊断，治疗和结果，并复习有关阴道YST的文献以概述诊断，治疗和生存方面的进展。

设计

在一家大型儿童医院对年龄小于21岁且经阴道YST病理诊断为女性的女性患者进行回顾性图表回顾，并对阴道卵黄囊肿瘤文献进行100年回顾总结。

设置

亚特兰大儿童保健中心，佐治亚州亚特兰大的高等教育中心。

参加者

小于21岁的女性患者被诊断出患有阴道YST。

结果

概述了我们机构的两例阴道YST病例。两名患者均在生命的头2年内出现阴道流血，仅接受化疗即可成功治疗。经过文献复习，发现137例阴道YST。诊断时的平均年龄为11个月，所有患者均出现阴道出血。在2000年之前，人们采取了更彻底的治疗方法，其中40％导致死亡。自2000年以来，治疗已转向化学疗法和更保守的外科手术治疗，其中51％的阴道YST病例仅接受化学疗法治疗，出版时92％的患者还活着。

结论

我们的病例对有限的文献做出了贡献，这些文献证明了仅通过化疗对罕见的阴道YST病例进行保守治疗的有效性。该病例系列和文献回顾提供了越来越多的证据表明，阴道YST应该在患有阴道肿瘤的年轻女孩中进行鉴别诊断，并且保守处理阴道YST具有极好的结果。