We investigated the effects of perinatal exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) or glyphosate alone (Gly) on female fertility and the hormonal and uterine milieu during the preimplantation period. F0 pregnant rats orally received a GBH or Gly in a dose of 2 mg of glyphosate/kg/day from gestational day (GD) 9 until weaning. F1 females were evaluated to determine the reproductive performance on GD19; and the sex steroid serum levels, the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR) and implantation-related genes on GD5 (preimplantation period). GBH and Gly induced preimplantation losses in F1 rats. GBH and Gly groups exhibited higher 17β-estradiol serum levels, without changes in progesterone. Both compounds increased the uterine ERα protein expression, with no differences at transcript level; and only Gly decreased PR mRNA expression. Also, GBH and Gly downregulated Hoxa10 and Lif genes, with no difference in Muc1 and Areg expression. To conclude, perinatal exposure to a GBH or Gly disrupted critical hormonal and uterine molecular targets during the receptive state, possibly associated with the implantation failures. Overall, similar results were found in GBH- and Gly-exposed rats, suggesting that the active principle might be the main responsible for the deleterious effects.

我们调查了围产期暴露于草甘膦基除草剂（GBH）或单独使用草甘膦（Gly）的围产期对女性生育率以及荷尔蒙和子宫环境的影响。F0妊娠大鼠从妊娠第9天（GD）到断奶，口服草甘膦（GBH）或Gly，剂量为2 mg草甘膦/ kg /天。对F1雌性进行评估以确定GD19的生殖性能。GD5（着床前期）的性激素水平，雌激素受体α（ERα），孕激素受体（PR）的表达以及着床相关基因。GBH和Gly诱导F1大鼠植入前损失。GBH和Gly组表现出较高的17β-雌二醇血清水平，而孕酮没有变化。两种化合物均增加了子宫ERα蛋白的表达，在转录水平上无差异。而只有Gly降低PR mRNA表达。此外，GBH和Gly下调Hoxa10和Lif基因，Muc1和Areg表达没有差异。总而言之，围产期暴露于GBH或Gly会破坏受体状态下的关键激素和子宫分子靶标，可能与植入失败有关。总体而言，在暴露于GBH和Gly的大鼠中发现了相似的结果，表明活性成分可能是造成有害作用的主要原因。