Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems have been adopted to create comfortable, healthy and safe indoor environments. In the control loop, the technical feature of the human demand-oriented supply can help operate HVAC effectively. Among many technical options, real time monitoring based on feedback signals from end users has been frequently reported as a critical technology to confirm optimizing building performance. Recent studies have incorporated human thermal physiology signals and thermal comfort/discomfort status as real-time feedback signals. A series of human subject experiments used to be conducted by primarily adopting subjective questionnaire surveys in a lab-setting study, which is limited in the application for reality. With the help of advanced technologies, physiological signals have been detected, measured and processed by using multiple technical formats, such as wearable sensors. Nevertheless, they mostly require physical contacts with the skin surface in spite of the small physical dimension and compatibility with other wearable accessories, such as goggles, and intelligent bracelets. Most recently, a low cost small infrared camera has been adopted for monitoring human facial images, which could detect the facial skin temperature and blood perfusion in a contactless way. Also, according to latest pilot studies, a conventional digital camera can generate infrared images with the help of new methods, such as the Euler video magnification technology. Human thermal comfort/discomfort poses can also be detected by video methods without contacting human bodies and be analyzed by the skeleton keypoints model. In this review, new sensing technologies were summarized, their cons and pros were discussed, and extended applications for the demand-oriented ventilation were also reviewed as potential development and applications.

已采用采暖，通风和空调（HVAC）系统来创建舒适，健康和安全的室内环境。在控制回路中，以人为需求的供应的技术特征可以帮助有效地操作HVAC。在许多技术选择中，基于最终用户反馈信号的实时监控已被广泛报道为确认优化建筑性能的一项关键技术。最近的研究已经将人类的热生理信号和热舒适/不适状态纳入了实时反馈信号。过去曾通过在实验室设置研究中主要采用主观问卷调查来进行一系列人类主题实验，但实际应用受到限制。借助先进技术，已检测到生理信号，通过使用多种技术格式（例如可穿戴传感器）进行测量和处理。尽管如此，尽管它们的物理尺寸较小，并且与其他可穿戴配件（例如护目镜和智能手镯）兼容，但它们仍需要与皮肤表面进行物理接触。最近，已经采用了低成本的小型红外照相机来监视人的面部图像，该图像可以以非接触方式检测面部皮肤温度和血液灌注。另外，根据最新的先导研究，传统的数码相机可以借助诸如Euler视频放大技术之类的新方法来生成红外图像。还可以通过视频方法检测人体的热舒适/不适姿势，而无需接触人体，并且可以通过骨架关键点模型进行分析。在这篇评论中