The rapid development of supercapacitors has led to an increasing demand for the exploitation of stable and excellent electroactive electrode materials. Herein, a novel hybrid material of N, P co-doped hollow carbon microspheres (N/P-HCS) and ultrathin MnO₂ nanosheets was facilely constructed for the electrode material of supercapacitors through a two-step synthetic strategy including the preparation of N/P-HCS and subsequent growth of MnO₂ nanosheets on N/P-HCS. The N/P-HCS@MnO₂ hybrid possesses a N/P-HCS core and a porous shell composed of ultrathin MnO₂ nanosheets. Moreover, the morphology and content of MnO₂ in the hybrid can be controlled by designing the stoichiometric chemical reaction between N/P-HCS and KMnO₄. The hybrid electrode exhibits excellent electron transport, fast electrolyte ions diffusion, rapid and reversible Faradaic reaction, and good rate performance. Additionally, a green asymmetric supercapacitor was manufactured using typical hybrid N/P-HCS@MnO₂-30 as positive electrode and N/P-HCS as negative electrode, which displayed a high energy density of 32.21 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 449.8 W kg⁻¹ and excellent cycling stability (capacitance retention of 94.5% after 3000 cycles). These results show that the N/P-HCS@MnO₂ might be an attractive electrode material for practical application in advanced supercapacitor.

超级电容器的迅速发展导致对开发稳定且优异的电活性电极材料的需求不断增加。本文通过两步合成策略，包括制备N / P，方便地构建了N，P共掺杂空心碳微球（N / P-HCS）和超薄MnO ₂纳米片的新型杂化材料。P-HCS和随后在N / P-HCS上生长MnO ₂纳米片。N / P-HCS @ MnO ₂杂化物具有N / P-HCS核和由超薄MnO ₂纳米片组成的多孔壳。此外，MnO ₂的形貌和含量通过设计N / P-HCS与KMnO ₄之间的化学计量化学反应，可以控制杂化中的杂化。混合电极表现出出色的电子传输，快速的电解质离子扩散，快速且可逆的法拉第反应以及良好的倍率性能。另外，使用典型的混合N / P-HCS @ MnO ₂ -30作为正电极和N / P-HCS作为负电极，制造了绿色不对称超级电容器，该电容器在功率密度下显示出32.21 Wh kg ^-1的高能量密度。达到449.8 W kg ^-1且具有出色的循环稳定性（3000次循环后电容保持率为94.5％）。这些结果表明，N / P-HCS @ MnO ₂ 可能是在高级超级电容器中实际应用的有吸引力的电极材料。