Four triphenylpyridine diamines with different substituent structure were successfully synthesized and polymerized to obtained polyimides (PIs) via one-step. The diamines and PIs were characterized by FTIR and ¹H-NMR spectra. The aggregated structure of PIs was amorphous by wide angle X-ray diffraction test. The structure of the substituent had an important influence on the properties of PI (such as solubility, thermal stability, optical and mechanical properties). The introduction of tert-butyl group could reduce the solubility in non-polar solvent of PI. In addition, the introduction of hydroxyl group alone could increase the solubility in polar solvent of polymer due to the large polarity of the hydroxyl groups. All PIs exhibited high thermal stability and heat resistance, but the introduction of too much tert-butyl group reduced the thermal stability of PI. The introduction of tert-butyl group could effectively improve the optical properties of PIs. The maximum transmittance of PIs was above 85% (87.2–90.3%).

成功合成了四种具有不同取代基结构的三苯基吡啶二胺，并一步一步聚合得到了聚酰亚胺（PI）。FTIR和¹表征了二胺和PI1 H-NMR谱。通过广角X射线衍射测试，PI的聚集结构为非晶态。取代基的结构对PI的性质（例如溶解性，热稳定性，光学和机械性质）具有重要影响。叔丁基的引入会降低PI在非极性溶剂中的溶解度。另外，由于羟基的极性大，单独引入羟基可以增加在聚合物的极性溶剂中的溶解度。所有PI均显示出高的热稳定性和耐热性，但是引入过多的叔丁基会降低PI的热稳定性。叔丁基的引入可以有效地改善PI的光学性质。PI的最大透射率超过85％（87.2–90.3％）。