Macrophomina phaseolina is a typical soilborne fungal pathogen causing crown and root rot in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) worldwide. M. phaseolina has become a major problem for strawberry growers parallel to the phase-out of methyl-bromide since 2004 and is considered the most destructive soilborne pathogen of strawberry since then. Global warming is characterized by extreme weather conditions, in the Mediterranean area, as reflected by long, hot, dry summers without rain and relatively short, cold rainy winters. This together with regulatory restrictions on toxic fumigants creates favorable conditions for M. phaseolina to thrive. Screening for resistant germplasm is currently the most effective and sustainable approach for managing the disease. In order to screen for susceptible/tolerant strawberry cultivars, various inoculation techniques were assessed on five strawberry cultivars. Artificial inoculation of growth medium with naturally infected plant material and the use of the ‘toothpick’ method resulted in no significant differences. However, the use of artificially produced sclerotia in a soil mix at concentrations of 2.5 × 10³ sclerotia/g soil exhibited differential cultivar mortality rates. High variation was found among 32 tested strawberry varieties (Israeli and US) grown under outdoor conditions in a screenhouse. Cultivars ‘Pelican’ (US), ‘Orly’, ‘Tamir’ and ‘Rotmy’ were considered tolerant compared to cultivars ‘Florida 90’ (US) and ‘Peles’ that were the most susceptible. The overall results indicate that the choice of certain Israeli and US cultivars may provide future germplasm for resistance breeding against M. phaseolina.

菜豆（Macropomina phaseolina）是一种典型的土壤传播真菌病原体，可导致全球草莓（Fragaria×ananassa Duch。）的冠和根腐烂。M. phaseolina草莓种植者平行于淘汰甲基溴的为自2004年以来已成为一个主要问题，从那时起被认为是草莓的最具破坏性的土传病原体。全球变暖的特征是地中海地区的极端天气条件，长期无雨的干燥夏季和相对短而寒冷的多雨冬季反映了这一点。这与对有毒熏蒸剂的法规限制一起为菜豆分枝杆菌创造了有利条件蓬勃发展。筛选抗性种质是目前最有效和可持续的疾病控制方法。为了筛选易感/耐受的草莓品种，对五个草莓品种评估了各种接种技术。用自然感染的植物材料人工接种生长培养基和使用“牙签”方法均无明显差异。但是，在土壤混合物中以2.5×10 ^3的浓度使用人工产生的菌核菌菌核/克土壤表现出不同的品种死亡率。在室外条件下在筛房中种植的32个经过测试的草莓品种（以色列和美国）之间发现高度差异。与最易感的品种“佛罗里达90”（美国）和“ Peles”相比，“鹈鹕”（美国），“奥利”，“塔米尔”和“罗密”品种被认为具有耐性。总体结果表明，某些以色列和美国品种的选择可能为菜豆的抗性育种提供未来的种质。