Black carbon (BC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are components of fine particulate matter associated with adverse health outcomes. However, limited work has examined the effects of PM constituents on mortality risk. Our multiple regression analysis evaluated the association of estimated neighborhood-level average fine particulate matter (PM2.5), BC, and PAH concentrations for 2013 obtained from local-scale land use regression models with 2007–2011 census tract-level age-adjusted non-accidental, cardiovascular, pulmonary, cancer, and other mortality rates in Allegheny County, PA. Models were further adjusted for census tract-level race, education, and health insurance status. In our adjusted models, estimated pollutant concentrations were not consistently associated with mortality. Only one model’s effect estimate did not include the null value, although the relationship was opposite of our original hypothesis. An interquartile range (0.25 μg/m3) increase in BC concentration was associated with a 5.9% (95% CI − 11.07, − 0.36%) decrease in log-transformed cancer mortality. However, in all mortality categories, education and health insurance covariates had a robust association with outcomes. We did not find a consistent relationship between pollutant exposures and age-adjusted mortality rates in Allegheny County, PA. However, having health insurance and having greater than a high school diploma were associated with lower mortality risk.

中文翻译：

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宾夕法尼亚州阿勒格尼县黑碳和多环芳烃暴露与死亡率之间的关系

黑碳 (BC) 和多环芳烃 (PAH) 是与不良健康结果相关的细颗粒物的成分。然而，有限的工作研究了 PM 成分对死亡风险的影响。我们的多元回归分析评估了从地方尺度土地利用回归模型中获得的 2013 年邻里级别平均细颗粒物 (PM2.5)、BC 和 PAH 浓度与 2007-2011 年人口普查区级别年龄调整非- 宾夕法尼亚州阿勒格尼县的意外、心血管、肺部、癌症和其他死亡率。模型针对人口普查区域级别的种族、教育和健康保险状况进行了进一步调整。在我们调整后的模型中，估计的污染物浓度与死亡率并不一致。只有一个模型的效果估计不包括零值，尽管这种关系与我们的原始假设相反。BC 浓度的四分位间距 (0.25 μg/m3) 增加与对数转化癌症死亡率降低 5.9% (95% CI - 11.07, - 0.36%) 相关。然而，在所有死亡率类别中，教育和健康保险协变量与结果有很强的关联。在宾夕法尼亚州阿勒格尼县，我们没有发现污染物暴露与年龄调整死亡率之间存在一致的关系。然而，拥有健康保险和高中以上学历与较低的死亡风险相关。36%) 降低对数转化的癌症死亡率。然而，在所有死亡率类别中，教育和健康保险协变量与结果有很强的关联。在宾夕法尼亚州阿勒格尼县，我们没有发现污染物暴露与年龄调整死亡率之间存在一致的关系。然而，拥有健康保险和高中以上学历与较低的死亡风险相关。36%) 降低对数转化的癌症死亡率。然而，在所有死亡率类别中，教育和健康保险协变量与结果有很强的关联。在宾夕法尼亚州阿勒格尼县，我们没有发现污染物暴露与年龄调整死亡率之间存在一致的关系。然而，拥有健康保险和高中以上学历与较低的死亡风险相关。