Wool fiber contains approximately 95% keratinous proteins, which is one of the most abundant sources of structural protein. However, a large amount of wool waste is underutilized. Developing appropriate approaches to recycle wool waste and produce value-added products is vital for sustainable development and reducing environmental burden. Thus, this paper reviews the mechanical methods of fabricating wool powder, including pan milling, combined wet and air-jet milling, steam explosion, freeze milling, and three-stage milling. The influencing factors of shape and size, structure, and properties are highlighted to overview of the possible controlling methods. Then, this review summarizes various chemical methods for the extraction of wool keratin, underlining the dissolution efficiency and the structure of wool keratin. Furthermore, the application of reused wool particles in textile, biosorbent, and biomaterials are also reported. Finally, several perspectives in terms of future research on the fabrication and application of wool particles are highlighted.

中文翻译：

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利用废羊毛纤维制造羊毛粉和角蛋白的评论

羊毛纤维含有约95％的角蛋白，这是结构蛋白最丰富的来源之一。但是，大量的羊毛废料未被充分利用。开发适当的方法来回收羊毛废料并生产增值产品对于可持续发展和减轻环境负担至关重要。因此，本文回顾了制造羊毛粉的机械方法，包括盘磨，湿法和喷气磨相结合，蒸汽爆炸，冷冻研磨和三阶段研磨。形状，大小，结构和属性的影响因素会突出显示，以概述可能的控制方法。然后，这篇综述总结了提取羊毛角蛋白的各种化学方法，强调了溶解效率和羊毛角蛋白的结构。此外，还报道了羊毛颗粒在纺织品，生物吸附剂和生物材料中的应用。最后，突出了关于羊毛颗粒的制造和应用的未来研究的若干观点。