Hypotension is one of the most common complications observed during inhalation anaesthesia in veterinary patients. Treatment of hypotension in cattle is more challenging than in other species, owing to the limited number of drugs licensed in food producing animals. The use of adrenaline as an infusion to support blood pressure has not been described previously in bovines. A cow and a calf presented to University College Dublin Veterinary Hospital for bilateral mandibular fracture repair and bladder rupture repair respectively, developed severe anaesthetic related hypotension unresponsive to conventional treatments. In both cases an adrenaline infusion was started and slowly increased to effect, with infusion rates ranging from 0.01 to 0.25 μg/kg/min. Blood pressure increased as the adrenaline infusion rate increased, but clinically significant improvements in blood pressure were only observed with infusion rates exceeding 0.05 μg/kg/min. The side effect observed with adrenaline infusion was an increase in plasma lactate levels in both cases. Both animals were euthanised due to non-anaesthetic related complications. Maintenance of normotension is important during bovine anaesthesia to prevent the development of post-anaesthetic complications. In the cases described here, adrenaline was effective as an additional treatment of anaesthetic related hypotension. Further research is required to establish the recommended infusion rates, cardiovascular effects and possible side effects of adrenaline infusion administration as a treatment for hypotension in bovines.

中文翻译：

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使用肾上腺素连续输注治疗牛和小牛全身麻醉期间的低血压。

低血压是兽医患者吸入麻醉期间观察到的最常见并发症之一。由于在食用动物中获得许可的药物数量有限，牛的低血压治疗比其他物种更具挑战性。以前没有在牛中描述过使用肾上腺素作为输液来支持血压。一头牛和一头小牛分别被送到都柏林大学兽医医院进行双侧下颌骨骨折修复和膀胱破裂修复，出现严重的麻醉相关低血压，对常规治疗无反应。在这两种情况下，都开始输注肾上腺素并缓慢增加至效果，输注速率范围为 0.01 至 0.25 μg/kg/min。随着肾上腺素输注速度的增加，血压升高，但仅在输注速度超过 0.05 μg/kg/min 时观察到血压的临床显着改善。肾上腺素输注观察到的副作用是两种情况下血浆乳酸水平的增加。由于非麻醉相关并发症，两只动物都被安乐死。在牛麻醉期间维持血压正常对于防止麻醉后并发症的发展很重要。在这里描述的病例中，肾上腺素作为麻醉相关低血压的附加治疗是有效的。需要进一步的研究来确定推荐的输注速率、心血管效应和肾上腺素输注给药作为治疗牛低血压的可能副作用。肾上腺素输注观察到的副作用是两种情况下血浆乳酸水平的增加。由于非麻醉相关并发症，两只动物都被安乐死。在牛麻醉期间维持血压正常对于防止麻醉后并发症的发展很重要。在这里描述的病例中，肾上腺素作为麻醉相关低血压的附加治疗是有效的。需要进一步的研究来确定推荐的输注速率、心血管效应和肾上腺素输注给药作为治疗牛低血压的可能副作用。肾上腺素输注观察到的副作用是两种情况下血浆乳酸水平的增加。由于非麻醉相关并发症，两只动物都被安乐死。在牛麻醉期间维持血压正常对于防止麻醉后并发症的发展很重要。在这里描述的病例中，肾上腺素作为麻醉相关低血压的附加治疗是有效的。需要进一步的研究来确定推荐的输注速率、心血管效应和肾上腺素输注给药作为治疗牛低血压的可能副作用。在牛麻醉期间维持血压正常对于防止麻醉后并发症的发展很重要。在这里描述的病例中，肾上腺素作为麻醉相关低血压的附加治疗是有效的。需要进一步的研究来确定推荐的输注速率、心血管效应和肾上腺素输注给药作为治疗牛低血压的可能副作用。在牛麻醉期间维持血压正常对于防止麻醉后并发症的发展很重要。在这里描述的病例中，肾上腺素作为麻醉相关低血压的附加治疗是有效的。需要进一步的研究来确定推荐的输注速率、心血管效应和肾上腺素输注给药作为治疗牛低血压的可能副作用。