Frequency diverse array (FDA) is an emerging array technique, its essential array characteristics and corresponding potential applications have not been well studied. As array manifold plays an essential role in various array applications, this letter presents an FDA manifold sensitivity framework to analyze the impact of element position uncertainties. Both absolute sensitivity and relative sensitivity are derived for the FDA. The manifold sensitivity analysis is suited for identifying the important position of each array element in an FDA antenna. Moreover, the overall sensitivity can be used to evaluate the robustness of an FDA configuration. All analytical manifold sensitivity characteristics are verified by numerical results.

中文翻译：

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频率分集阵列的流形灵敏度分析


频率多样化阵列（FDA）是一种新兴的阵列技术，其基本阵列特性和相应的潜在应用尚未得到充分研究。由于阵列流形在各种阵列应用中发挥着重要作用，这封信提出了 FDA 流形灵敏度框架来分析元件位置不确定性的影响。绝对敏感性和相对敏感性均源自 FDA。流形灵敏度分析适用于识别 FDA 天线中每个阵元的重要位置。此外，整体敏感性可用于评估 FDA 配置的稳健性。所有分析流形灵敏度特性均通过数值结果验证。