Abstract

As immunotherapy assumes a central role in the management of many cancers, ongoing work is directed at understanding whether immune-based treatments will be successful in patients with glioblastoma (GBM). Despite several large studies conducted in the last several years, there remain no FDA-approved immunotherapies in this patient population. Nevertheless, there are a range of exciting new approaches being applied to GBM, all of which may not only allow us to develop new treatments but also help us understand fundamental features of the immune response in the central nervous system. In this review, we summarize new developments in the application of immune checkpoint blockade, from biomarker-driven patient selection to the timing of treatment. Moreover, we summarize novel work in personalized immune-oncology by reviewing work in cancer immunogenomics–driven neoantigen vaccine studies. Finally, we discuss cell therapy efforts by reviewing the current state of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.

中文翻译：

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恶性神经胶质瘤的新兴免疫疗法：从免疫基因组学到细胞治疗。

摘要

由于免疫疗法在许多癌症的治疗中起着核心作用，因此正在进行的工作旨在了解基于免疫的疗法在胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）患者中是否会成功。尽管最近几年进行了数项大型研究，但该患者人群中尚无FDA批准的免疫疗法。尽管如此，GBM仍采用了一系列激动人心的新方法，所有这些方法不仅可以使我们开发新的治疗方法，而且可以帮助我们了解中枢神经系统免疫反应的基本特征。在这篇综述中，我们总结了从生物标志物驱动的患者选择到治疗时机，免疫检查点封锁应用的新进展。此外，我们通过回顾癌症免疫基因组学驱动的新抗原疫苗研究中的工作，总结了个性化免疫肿瘤学方面的新工作。最后，我们通过回顾嵌合抗原受体T细胞疗法的当前状态来讨论细胞疗法的努力。