In this research work, SnO₂, NiO and SnO₂/NiO nanocomposites were synthesized at low temperature by modified sol–gel method using ultrasonication. Prepared samples were investigated for their properties employing various characterization techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the purity and phase of the samples as no secondary phase was detected. The average crystallite size of the nanocomposites was found to decrease from 19.24 to 4.53 nm with the increase in NiO concentration. It was confirmed from SEM micrographs that the material has mesoporous morphology. This mesoporous morphology resulted in the increase of the surface to mass ratio of the material, which in turn increases the specific capacitance of the material. The UV–Visible spectra showed the variation in the band gap of SnO₂/NiO at different weight ratio ranging from 3.49 to 3.25 eV on increasing NiO concentration in the samples. These composites with different mass ratio of SnO₂ and NiO were also characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy that showed shifting of the peaks centered at 545 cm⁻¹ in the spectra for NiO/SnO₂ nanocomposite. The analysis of the electrochemical performance of the material was done with the help of cyclic voltammetry and Galvanostatic charge–discharge. The specific capacitance of the synthesized samples with different concentration of SnO₂ and NiO was analyzed at different scan rates of 5 to 100 mV/s. Interestingly, 7:1 mass ratio of NiO and SnO₂ (SN7) nanocomposite exhibited a maximum specific capacitance of ~ 464 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s and good capacitance retention of 87.24% after 1,000 cycles. These excellent electrochemical properties suggest that the SnO₂/NiO nanocomposite can be used for high energy density supercapacitor electrode material.

在这项研究工作中，SnO ₂，NiO和SnO ₂/ NiO纳米复合材料是通过超声改性的溶胶-凝胶法在低温下合成的。使用各种表征技术研究了制备的样品的性质。X射线衍射（XRD）图确认了样品的纯度和相，因为未检测到第二相。发现随着NiO浓度的增加，纳米复合材料的平均微晶尺寸从19.24nm减小到4.53nm。通过SEM显微照片证实该材料具有中孔形态。这种介孔形态导致材料的表面质量比增加，这反过来又增加了材料的比电容。紫外可见光谱显示SnO ₂带隙的变化当样品中的NiO浓度增加时，不同重量比的Ni / NiO范围为3.49至3.25 eV。还通过FT-IR光谱表征了具有不同SnO ₂和NiO的质量比的这些复合物，该复合物显示出在NiO / SnO ₂纳米复合材料的光谱中以545cm ^-1为中心的峰的移动。借助循环伏安法和恒电流充放电对材料的电化学性能进行了分析。在5-100 mV / s的不同扫描速率下分析了具有不同浓度的SnO ₂和NiO的合成样品的比电容。有趣的是，NiO和SnO _2的质量比为7：1（SN7）纳米复合材料在1000次循环后以5 mV / s的扫描速率显示约464 F / g的最大比电容和良好的电容保持率87.24％。这些优异的电化学性能表明，SnO ₂ / NiO纳米复合材料可用于高能量密度超级电容器电极材料。