Abstract

Heavy metals leaching from municipal solid waste landfills have resulted in severe environmental pollution and may influence human health status. This study aimed to determine the total concentrations of metals, environmental risk and evaluate the potential human health risk including non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects. Soil samples were collected from the open municipal solid waste landfill located in central, Thailand. The 90^th percentile concentration of Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Ni, Pb, and Zn were above the world soil average. The pollution load index revealed significant contamination by multiple elements. The soil was extremely contaminated by Bi, heavily contaminated by Cd, and moderately contaminated by Cu. The potential ecological risk demonstrated that Cd was the dominant leading risk, followed by Cu. Long term exposure to the soil causing adverse health effects related to non-carcinogenic in both children (HI = 1.73) and adults (HI = 1.21). The lifetime carcinogenic risks for children and adults indicated an acceptable risk (2.6x10⁻⁵ for children and 1.6x10⁻⁵ for adults) where Cr was the leading factor. Long term monitoring of heavy metals concentration in landfill and adjacent paddy fields together with enhancing occupational safety and health awareness to reduce exposure to heavy metal as the potential hazard should be considered.

摘要

从城市固体垃圾填埋场中浸出的重金属已导致严重的环境污染，并可能影响人类健康状况。这项研究旨在确定金属的总浓度，环境风险并评估潜在的人类健康风险，包括非致癌和致癌作用。从位于泰国中部的露天城市生活垃圾填埋场收集土壤样品。90^个Bi，Cd，Co，Cr，Cu，Li，Ni，Pb和Zn的百分浓度高于世界土壤平均水平。污染负荷指数表明存在多种元素的严重污染。土壤受到Bi的严重污染，受到Cd的严重污染，而受到Cu的中度污染。潜在的生态风险表明，镉是主要的主导风险，其次是铜。长期暴露于土壤中会导致与儿童（HI = 1.73）和成人（HI = 1.21）无致癌性相关的不利健康影响。儿童和成人的终生致癌风险表示可接受的风险（2.6×10 ^-5儿童和1.6×10 ^-5对于成年人），其中铬是主要因素。应考虑长期监测垃圾填埋场和邻近稻田中的重金属浓度，并增强职业安全和健康意识，以减少作为潜在危害的重金属暴露。