Along with the fourth industrial revolution, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) has grown very rapidly over the past decade. With this rapid growth, studies using UAVs are underway in various areas. UAVs are more economical and effective when utilizing several nodes rather than operating a single aircraft. In general, UAVs collect and transmit information to the control center (CC), and act on control commands from the CC. Communication between UAVs and the control center is usually achieved using modules such as radio frequency (RF), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) and cellular. However, when multiple UAVs communicate directly with the CC, the limitations of communication technologies and problems with increasing nodes occur. To address these points, several studies have constructed an ad-hoc network of UAVs to address the limitations of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth communication range, or the high cost of cellular systems. However, previous studies have constructed fixed topology ad-hoc networks. These studies did not take into account the problem of changing network topology due to the rapid mobility and frequent formation changes of UAVs. Due to this, limits occurred such that UAVs moved only in the pre-built topology. In this paper, we propose a dynamic topology construction protocol for UAV swarms to address this problem. The main contents of this paper are as follows. We first look at the research and limitations of existing UAV communications, and propose a protocol to solve this problem. This paper proposes a protocol for UAV construction of ad-hoc networks when trying to perform missions using multiple UAVs, and also describes how the changed network topology is reconstructed when network topology changes due to changes in flight formation. Finally, we establish a situation and apply the proposed protocol, analyze the results and describe further required research.

中文翻译：

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无人机群组网动态拓扑重建协议

随着第四次工业革命，无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 的使用在过去十年中增长非常迅速。随着这种快速增长，使用无人机的研究正在各个领域进行。当使用多个节点而不是操作一架飞机时，无人机更经济、更有效。通常，无人机收集信息并将其传输到控制中心 (CC)，并根据来自 CC 的控制命令采取行动。无人机与控制中心之间的通信通常使用射频（RF）、蓝牙、无线保真（Wi-Fi）和蜂窝等模块来实现。但是，当多架无人机直接与CC通信时，就会出现通信技术的局限性和节点增多的问题。为了解决这些问题，几项研究已经构建了无人机的自组织网络，以解决 Wi-Fi 和蓝牙通信范围的限制，或蜂窝系统的高成本。然而，以前的研究构建了固定拓扑的自组织网络。这些研究没有考虑到由于无人机的快速移动和频繁的编队变化而改变网络拓扑的问题。因此，出现了限制，使得 UAV 只能在预先构建的拓扑中移动。在本文中，我们为无人机群提出了一种动态拓扑构建协议来解决这个问题。本文的主要内容如下。我们首先看看现有无人机通信的研究和局限性，并提出一个协议来解决这个问题。本文提出了一种无人机在尝试使用多架无人机执行任务时构建自组织网络的协议，并描述了当网络拓扑因飞行编队变化而发生变化时如何重构变化的网络拓扑。最后，我们建立一种情况并应用所提出的协议，分析结果并描述进一步需要的研究。