The improvement of energy efficiency plays an important role to ensure sustainable electrical operation in large-scale buildings. In relation to the low-cost electrical components, a capacitor is an electrical component that can be used to sustain or improve the operating performance of an unbalanced electrical system in large-scale buildings so that energy efficiency improvement can be obtained. This is important to overcome the ineffective utilization of energy caused by the occurrence of power losses in an unbalanced electrical system of large-scale buildings. Further improvement of energy efficiency can be obtained by reducing an excessive amount of incoming power through the determination of tap setting for incoming transformer, and this is classified under the concept of conservative voltage regulation (CVR) approach. In order to solve the problem, the optimal capacitor placement and sizing (OCPS) with CVR is introduced as a new approach for energy efficiency improvement while ensuring a sustainable operation in an unbalanced electrical system of large-scale buildings. The proposed technique utilizes the artificial intelligence (AI) based differential evolution particle swarm optimization (DEPSO) technique with the objective function of total cost minimization for the real power losses, real power consumption, and capacitors installation. The effectiveness of the proposed technique to achieve energy efficiency improvement is investigated through a case study of an unbalanced electrical system in a large-scale office building. The significance of the research output is related to its low-cost technology that has the potential for a comprehensive, pragmatic implementation in large-scale buildings, and subsequently, it will significantly accelerate the increase of national agenda in energy efficiency.

中文翻译：

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最佳电容器放置和选型对建筑物中可持续电气运行的重要意义

能源效率的提高对于确保大型建筑的可持续电力运行起着重要作用。相对于低成本电气元件，电容器是一种电气元件，可用于维持或改善大型建筑物中不平衡电气系统的运行性能，从而获得能源效率的提高。这对于克服由于大型建筑的电力系统不平衡而造成的能量损失而导致的能源利用效率低下是很重要的。通过确定进线变压器的抽头设置来减少过多的进线功率，可以进一步提高能效，这属于保守电压调节（CVR）方法的概念。为了解决这个问题，引入了具有 CVR 的最佳电容器布局和尺寸 (OCPS)，作为一种提高能效的新方法，同时确保在大型建筑物的不平衡电力系统中可持续运行。所提出的技术利用基于人工智能 (AI) 的差分进化粒子群优化 (DEPSO) 技术，目标函数为实际功率损耗、实际功率消耗和电容器安装的总成本最小化。通过对大型办公楼中不平衡电力系统的案例研究，研究了所提出的技术在实现能源效率改进方面的有效性。研究成果的意义在于其低成本的技术具有综合、