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Landscape Preference for Trees Outside Forests along an Urban–Rural–Natural Gradient
Forests ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-03 , DOI: 10.3390/f11070728
Marco Di Cristofaro , Lorenzo Sallustio , Tommaso Sitzia , Marco Marchetti , Bruno Lasserre

In densely populated areas, essential sources of ecosystem services are represented by green infrastructure, which includes trees outside forests (TOF) that, regardless of their cover extension, are found on agricultural or urban land. This research aims to assess landscape preference for TOF along an urban-rural-natural gradient in relation to different levels of landscape heterogeneity. Analyses are based on the integration of a visual choice experiment (360 respondents) with a GIS-based landscape analysis at regional scale in a Mediterranean region in Central Italy. Main findings revealed that correlation between landscape preference and heterogeneity varies along the urban–rural–natural gradient and on the basis of the spatial configuration of the surrounding landscape. The additional value of TOF to landscape preference is closely and positively linked to the degree of landscape anthropization. Conversely, TOF contribution to landscape preference resulted negative in natural landscapes where they can be perceived as a disturbance of the wilderness. Considering the influence that landscape preference plays on cultural ecosystem services provisioning and, in turn, on decision making processes, our results can support landscape policy and planning in fostering or hampering TOF diffusion depending on the different territorial contexts. These findings endorse the importance of multi-functional approaches in future-oriented strategies, which should mediate between the human preference for TOF, their ecological role and the provision of other services.

中文翻译:

城乡自然梯度下森林外树木的景观偏好

在人口稠密的地区,生态系统服务的重要来源以绿色基础设施为代表,其中包括森林外的树木(TOF),无论其覆盖范围如何,都可在农业或城市土地上找到。这项研究旨在评估相对于不同景观异质性水平的城乡-自然梯度TOF的景观偏好。分析是基于视觉选择实验(360名受访者)与意大利中部地中海地区区域规模的基于GIS的景观分析的集成。主要发现表明,景观偏好与异质性之间的相关关系随城市-乡村-自然梯度以及周围景观的空间配置而变化。TOF对景观偏好的附加价值与景观人类化程度紧密相关且正相关。相反,TOF对景观偏好的贡献在自然景观中产生负面影响,在自然景观中自然景观被视为对荒野的干扰。考虑到景观偏好对文化生态系统服务的提供以及决策过程的影响,我们的结果可以支持景观政策和规划,以促进或阻碍TOF的传播,具体取决于不同的领土环境。这些发现证实了多功能方法在面向未来的战略中的重要性,这种方法应在人类对TOF的偏爱,其生态作用和其他服务的提供之间进行调节。TOF对景观偏好的贡献在自然景观中产生负面影响,在自然景观中自然景观被视为对荒野的干扰。考虑到景观偏好对文化生态系统服务的提供以及决策过程的影响,我们的结果可以支持景观政策和规划,以促进或阻碍TOF的传播,具体取决于不同的领土环境。这些发现证实了多功能方法在面向未来的战略中的重要性,这种方法应在人类对TOF的偏爱,其生态作用和其他服务的提供之间进行调节。TOF对景观偏好的贡献在自然景观中产生负面影响,在自然景观中自然景观被视为对荒野的干扰。考虑到景观偏好对文化生态系统服务的提供以及决策过程的影响,我们的结果可以支持景观政策和规划,以促进或阻碍TOF的传播,具体取决于不同的领土环境。这些发现证实了多功能方法在面向未来的战略中的重要性,这种方法应在人类对TOF的偏爱,其生态作用和其他服务的提供之间进行调节。考虑到景观偏好对文化生态系统服务的提供以及决策过程的影响,我们的结果可以支持景观政策和规划,以促进或阻碍TOF的传播,具体取决于不同的领土环境。这些发现证实了多功能方法在面向未来的战略中的重要性,这种方法应在人类对TOF的偏爱,其生态作用和其他服务的提供之间进行调节。考虑到景观偏好对文化生态系统服务的提供以及决策过程的影响,我们的结果可以支持景观政策和规划,以促进或阻碍TOF的传播,具体取决于不同的领土环境。这些发现证实了多功能方法在面向未来的战略中的重要性,这种方法应在人类对TOF的偏爱,其生态作用和其他服务的提供之间进行调节。
更新日期:2020-07-03
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