High‐Performance Magnesium‐Sulfur Batteries Based on a Sulfurated Poly(acrylonitrile) Cathode, a Borohydride Electrolyte, and a High‐Surface Area Magnesium Anode,Batteries & Supercaps

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High‐Performance Magnesium‐Sulfur Batteries Based on a Sulfurated Poly(acrylonitrile) Cathode, a Borohydride Electrolyte, and a High‐Surface Area Magnesium Anode
Batteries & Supercaps ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-03 , DOI: 10.1002/batt.202000097
Peiwen Wang ₁ , Janina Trück _{1,

2} , Stefan Niesen _{1,

2} , Julian Kappler ₁ , Kathrin Küster ₃ , Ulrich Starke ₃ , Felix Ziegler ₁ , Andreas Hintennach ₂ , Michael R. Buchmeiser _{1,

4}

Affiliation

Post‐lithium‐ion battery technology is considered a key element of future energy storage and management. Apart from high gravimetric and volumetric energy densities, economic, ecologic and safety issues become increasingly important. In that regards, both the anode and cathode materials must be easily available, recyclable, non‐toxic and safe, which renders magnesium‐sulfur (Mg−S) batteries a promising choice. Herein, we present Mg−S cells based on a sulfurated poly(acrylonitrile) composite cathode (SPAN), together with a halogen‐free electrolyte containing both Mg[BH₄]₂ and Li[BH₄] in diglyme and a high‐specific surface area magnesium anode based on Rieke magnesium powder. These cells deliver discharge capacities of 1400 and 800 mAh/g_sulfur with >99 % Coulombic efficiency at 0.1 C and 0.5 C, respectively, and are stable over at least 300 cycles. Energy densities are 470 and 400 Wh/kg_sulfur at 0.1 C and 0.5 C, respectively. Rate tests carried out between 0.1 C and 2 C demonstrate good rate capability of the cells. Detailed mechanistic studies based on X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electric impedance spectroscopy are presented.

中文翻译：

基于硫化聚丙烯腈，硼氢化物电解质和高表面积镁阳极的高性能镁硫电池

后锂离子电池技术被认为是未来能源存储和管理的关键要素。除了重量和体积能量密度高以外，经济，生态和安全问题也变得越来越重要。在这方面，阳极和阴极材料都必须易于获取，可回收，无毒且安全，这使得镁硫（Mg-S）电池成为一个有前途的选择。在这里，我们介绍了基于硫化聚（丙烯腈）复合阴极（SPAN）的Mg-S电池，以及在二甘醇二甲醚和高比重中同时含有Mg [BH ₄ ] ₂和Li [BH ₄ ]的无卤素电解质表面积基于Rieke镁粉的镁阳极。这些电池的放电容量为1400和800 mAh / g_硫在0.1 C和0.5 C时库仑效率分别> 99％，并且在至少300个循环中保持稳定。在0.1 C和0.5 C下，能量密度分别为470和400 Wh / kg_硫。在0.1 C和2 C之间进行的速率测试证明电池具有良好的速率能力。提出了基于X射线光电子能谱和电阻抗能谱的详细机理研究。

更新日期：2020-07-03

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