Various bone substitutes have been applied in sinus augmentation (SA) to overcome insufficient bone height at the posterior maxilla region caused by pneumatized sinus and severe alveolar bone resorption after teeth loss. However, their effectiveness in SA needs to be further elucidated. In this study, strontium‐doped brushite (Sr‐DCPD), a new bone substitute, together with bovine‐derived hydroxyapatite (bHA) and synthetic hydroxyapatite (sHA) was used in rabbit maxillary SA with simultaneous implant installation. The sinus space‐keeping capacity, resorption rate, osteoconductivity, and mechanical properties of regenerated bone, were evaluated by micro‐computed tomography (CT), histological analysis, and mechanical testing. Sr‐DCPD exhibited the best osteoconductivity and new bone formation (<4 weeks), but its final bone regeneration and removal torque of implants at week 12 were the lowest, mainly due to its poor space‐keeping capacity and fast resorption. bHA exhibited the best space‐keeping capacity and slowest resorption rate, but relative lower final bone volume and mechanical properties, while sHA showed good space‐keeping capacity, slower resorption rate, and the best final bone formation and mechanical properties. sHA was most effective for SA and bHA was also an acceptable bone substitute; however, Sr‐DCPD was least effective and not suitable in SA by itself.

中文翻译：

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掺锶透钙磷石、牛源性羟基磷灰石和合成羟基磷灰石在兔鼻窦增大同时植入物安装中的有效性。

各种骨替代物已被应用于鼻窦增大 (SA)，以克服因鼻窦充气和牙齿脱落后严重的牙槽骨吸收而导致的上颌后区骨高度不足。然而，它们在 SA 中的有效性需要进一步阐明。在这项研究中，掺锶磷钙石（Sr-DCPD），一种新的骨替代品，与牛衍生的羟基磷灰石（bHA）和合成羟基磷灰石（sHA）一起用于兔上颌骨SA并同时安装种植体。通过显微计算机断层扫描 (CT)、组织学分析和机械测试评估再生骨的窦腔空间保持能力、再吸收率、骨传导性和机械性能。Sr-DCPD 表现出最好的骨传导性和新骨形成（<4 周），但其在第 12 周时的最终骨再生和种植体移除扭矩最低，主要是由于其空间保持能力差和吸收快。bHA 表现出最好的空间保持能力和最慢的再吸收速率，但相对较低的最终骨体积和机械性能，而 sHA 表现出良好的空间保持能力，较慢的再吸收速率，以及最佳的最终骨形成和机械性能。sHA 对 SA 最有效，bHA 也是可接受的骨替代品；然而，Sr-DCPD 效果最差，不适合单独用于 SA。而 sHA 显示出良好的空间保持能力、较慢的再吸收速率以及最佳的最终骨形成和机械性能。sHA 对 SA 最有效，bHA 也是可接受的骨替代品；然而，Sr-DCPD 效果最差，不适合单独用于 SA。而 sHA 显示出良好的空间保持能力、较慢的再吸收速率以及最佳的最终骨形成和机械性能。sHA 对 SA 最有效，bHA 也是可接受的骨替代品；然而，Sr-DCPD 效果最差，不适合单独用于 SA。