Higher early life mortality with lower infant body mass in a free-ranging primate,Journal of Animal Ecology

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Higher early life mortality with lower infant body mass in a free-ranging primate
Journal of Animal Ecology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-26 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13291
D Susie Lee _{1,

2} , Tara M Mandalaywala ₃ , Constance Dubuc ₁ , Anja Widdig _{4,

5} , James P Higham _{1,

2}

Affiliation

1. Traits that reflect the amount of energy allocated to the offspring by mothers, such as infant body mass, are predicted to have long-lasting effects on offspring fitness. In very long-lived species, such as anthropoid primates, where long and obligate parental care is required for successful recruitment of offspring, there are few studies on the fitness implications of low body mass among infants. 2. Using body mass data collected from 253 free-ranging rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) infants on Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico, we examined if lower infant body mass predicts lower chance of survival through to reproductive maturation (4th year of life). We also used data on inter-birth intervals and suckling behaviors to determine whether the duration of maternal care was adjusted to infant body mass. 3. Rhesus macaque infants experienced on average 5% reduced hazard of death for an increase in body mass of 0.1 SD (~100g) above the mean within their age-sex class. The positive association between body mass and early life survival was most pronounced in the 1st year of life. 4. Infant body mass tended to be lower if mothers were young or old, but the link between infant body mass and early life survival remained after controlling for maternal age. This finding suggests that maternal effects on early life survival such as maternal age may act through their influence on infant body mass. 5. Mothers of heavier infants were less likely to be delayed in subsequent reproduction, but the estimated association slightly overlapped with zero. The timing of the last week of suckling did not differ by infant body mass. 6. Using infant body mass data that has been rarely available from free-ranging primates, our study provides comparative evidence to strengthen the existing body of literature on the fitness implications of variation in infant body mass.

中文翻译：

在自由放养的灵长类动物中，婴儿体重较低，早期死亡率较高

1. 反映母亲分配给后代的能量数量的特征，例如婴儿体重，预计会对后代健康产生长期影响。在寿命很长的物种中，例如类人猿灵长类动物，成功招募后代需要长期和专职的父母照顾，但很少有关于婴儿低体重对健康影响的研究。2. 使用从波多黎各圣地亚哥岛的 253 名自由放养的恒河猴 (Macaca mulatta) 婴儿收集的体重数据，我们检查了较低的婴儿体重是否预示着生殖成熟（生命第 4 年）的存活率较低。我们还使用了生育间隔和哺乳行为的数据来确定产妇护理的持续时间是否根据婴儿体重进行了调整。3. 恒河猴婴儿的体重增加 0.1 SD（约 100 克），高于其年龄性别等级的平均值，其死亡风险平均降低 5%。体重与生命早期存活率之间的正相关在生命的第一年最为明显。4. 母亲年轻或年老的婴儿体重往往较低，但在控制了母亲年龄后，婴儿体重与早期存活率之间的联系仍然存在。这一发现表明，母体对早期生命存活的影响，如母体年龄，可能通过它们对婴儿体重的影响而起作用。5. 较重婴儿的母亲在随后的繁殖中延迟的可能性较小，但估计的关联与零略有重叠。吸吮最后一周的时间没有因婴儿体重而异。6.

更新日期：2020-07-26

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