The use of battery power is becoming widespread rapidly among the mega ports worldwide, owing its low emission and high energy efficiency. In this paper, a simulation approach is presented to configure the charging stations (CSs) and battery-powered automated guided vehicles (B-AGVs) at automated container terminals. The facility planning of the CSs and the operation strategies of the B-AGVs are crucial for the system performance of the terminal. A port system is modeled as a discrete event simulation model, mainly consisting of three parts: vessel generator, dispatcher, and traffic network. Two types of layout designs and two types of recharging policies are presented, to deploy the CSs and control the B-AGVs to be recharged, respectively. Extensive simulation experiments are conducted to analyze the parameter effects on the system performance. The results indicate that a decentralized CS layout and a progressive recharging policy lead to excellent performance. Some management insights are offered to gain a better understanding of the key factors when deploying a B-AGV system.

由于其低排放和高能效，电池电源的使用正在全球各大港口中迅速普及。在本文中，提出了一种仿真方法，用于在自动集装箱码头配置充电站（CS）和电池供电的自动导引车（B-AGV）。CS的设施规划和B-AGV的操作策略对于终端的系统性能至关重要。港口系统被建模为离散事件模拟模型，主要由三部分组成：船只生成器，调度程序和交通网络。提出了两种布局设计和两种充电策略，分别用于部署CS和控制B-AGV充电。进行了广泛的仿真实验，以分析参数对系统性能的影响。结果表明，分散的CS布局和渐进式充电策略可带来出色的性能。提供一些管理见解，以更好地理解部署B-AGV系统时的关键因素。